Religious Challenges Flashcards
What was the main view of Puritanism?
They viewed the 1559 settlement as incomplete
When was the influence of Puritanism particularly prominent?
The 1560s and 1570s
What did Puritans want to be eradicated?
They believed in the eradication of “popish superstition”
When was the Convocation of Canterbury?
1563
What was the convocation of Canterbury and what was the implication of it?
It was a failed meeting held by Protestants to go further in its reform of the church
When was the Vestiarian Controversey?
The mid 1560’s
What was the Vestiarian Controversy?
Rejection by clergymen to Archbishop Parker who issued “Advertisements” in 1566 enforcing wearing the catholic style vestments maintained by the 1559 Act of Uniformity
How many London clergy-men refused to wear the Vestments?
37 clergymen refused and were consequently deprived of their posts
What did Presbyterians believe?
They subscribed to a Calvinist form of church government.
They wanted to abolish the church hierarchy, specifically the position of the bishop.
Who was the leader of the spiritual Presbyterian movement?
Thomas Cartwright
What did Thomas Cartwright do?
He wrote pamphlets propagating the idea that a church founded on “popish superstitions” must be spiritually flawed and the 1559 settlement had to be modified
Who was John Whitgift?
The Archbishop of Canterbury under Elizabeth
Wrote pamphlets against Cartwright and the Presbyterian movement saying it was destructive and would split the church
The Presbyterian movement was geographically narrow, largely confined to wear?
London, Essex, Suffolk
Which high ranking attraction did the Presbyterian movement get?
The Earl of Leicester and even Lord Burghley saw the advantages of Presbyterianism as a bulwark against the influence of Catholicism
They defended clergymen who were disliked amongst authorities due to their sympathies for the Presbyterian movement
When did the Presbyterian movement grow?
The 1580’s
What did Turner and Cope do in the 1580’s?
Proposed bills which, if enacted (failed to get through Parliament ultimately anyway) would have replaced the Book of Common prayer with a new prayer book without the popish elements
What happened to Cope?
Cope was imprisoned briefly in 1587
However, Elizabeth knighted him 5 years later which suggests that he quickly recovered his position
When were Whitgifts Articles against Presbyterianism and what were they?
1583 - clergy had to subscribe to:
- Acknowledge royal supremacy
- Acceptance of the prayer book as the true word of God
- Accept the 39 articles
What was the reaction to Whitgifts 3 articles?
Had some success - however, caused controversy amongst many clergymen
Evidence for the Presbyterian declining in the late 1580’s
Failure of Cope’s 1587 “Bill and Book” campaign showed the pointlessness of a parliamentary approach
Who were the Separatists?
The most radical form of Puritanism - they wanted to separate from the Church of England all together
What was the result of the separatist congregations led by Barrow and Greenwood in London?
The Act against Seditious Secretaries 1593
What was the Act of Seditious Secretaries?
It gave the authorities the power to imprison, banish and even execute suspected separatists
What was the limitation of Separatism?
It was numerically insignificant
