Religious Flashcards
What did the Western rebels reject?
The English prayer book - ‘Christian game’
The bible
The revised non-Latin liturgy of 1547
What suggests that the main cause of the Western rebellion was religious?
13/14 articles involved religion and restoration
Rebels marched under the banner of the Five Wounds of Christ
What did the Western rebels want?
The restoration of papal relics and images
The restoration of the chantries
Two monasteries in every county
Latin mass
Return to the Act of Six Articles of 1539
What did the Western rebels not request but what did they do?
The restoration of the papacy
Challenged the legality of secular authorities implementing religious reforms
What did Phillip Nichols call local priests during the Western rebellion?
‘whelps of the Romish litter’
What did the Kett’s rebels resent?
Priests who indulged in the property market and those who prosecuted parishioners for unpaid and unfair tithes
What did the Kett’s rebels want?
Educated clergy
Competent teaching of the catechism
Prymer for children
Quality sermons
Who was the Bishop of Norfolk in 1549 and what was he?
William Rugge
Unsympathetic to radical reforms
What was a strong feeling among the Kett’s rebels?
That the quality of ministers wasn’t good enough to enhance the reformation
What shows that the Kett’s rebels were religious?
A daily service, using the new prayer book, was conducted under the Tree of Reformation at Mousehold Heath
What did Norfolk have in 1549?
An anticlerical tradition
What was Kett’s rebellion?
A protest against the slow rate of progress Protestantism was making
What was Wyatt?
Not a reformer and his agenda was political, not religious
What did Wyatt say?
‘you may not so much as name religion for that will withdraw from us the hearts of many’
What did Wyatt believe?
That xenophobia would generate more support
What had Mary I already done by Wyatt’s rebellion?
Reversed many of the Edwardian reforms
What suggests that the majority of rebels who joined Wyatt weren’t focused on religion?
Only a minority of protestants would have felt that the Church and themselves were in danger so early into her reign
What was Kent?
A strongly protestant country: there was local support in Maidstone (provided 78 rebels), Cranbrook, and Tonbridge
What were Wyatt’s rebels concerned at?
Mary’s attachment to Catholicism and her intention to marry Philip
Which Wyatt rebels/leaders had protestant leanings?
The Duke of Suffolk
Sir Peter Carew
Sir James Croft
What did the northern earls’ resent?
The appointment of Bishop Pilkington to Durham
What did the Earl of Northumberland declare?
That ‘our first object in assembling was the reformation of religion and preservation of the person of the Queen of Scots’
What were the northern earls’ and what had Northumberland done in 1567?
Catholic
Converted
What had the northern families done?
Retained the Catholic faith in spite of statutes that fined those who didn’t attend Church 5p
What did a proclamation for the northern earls’ declare?
That the cause of rebellion was ‘a new found religion and heresy, contrary to Gods’ world’
What had the Elizabethan government done?
Made no attempt to enforce the Act of Superiority
What suggests that the rebels of the northern earls’ rebellion were religious?
The Banner of St Cuthbert was taken out of the Church
Francis Norton paraded with the Five Wounds of Christ
What had Morton and Markenfield done?
Returned from the continent, warning rebels of the ‘dangers touching our souls and the loss of our country’
What did Sir Ralph Sadler say in 1569?
That the common people were ‘blinded with the old popish doctrine and therefore so favour the cause which the rebels make the colour of their rebellion’
What were the different grievances of the POG rebels?
Cumberland resented Tithes and the poor quality of many priests
North Lancashire/Yorkshire resented the dissolution of the monasteries. Prime concern was the restoration of the faith
Lincolnshire rebels feared that their parish churches were going to be attacked
What had the religious changes that began under Henry VIII signalled?
A major break with tradition as people were accustomed to traditional Catholic practices and beliefs
What did the POG rebels think regarding heresy?
That a diversity of religious beliefs among the King’s Council encourages heretical ideas
What did the POG rebels express no concerns over?
The attacks on purgatory
What did the allegations of heresy reflect during the POG?
The opinions of only a minority of clerics and educated laymen
What had Henry VIII done but what would he not condone?
Drawn up the Act of Ten Articles in 1536, agreeing that certain reformers should be identified as heretics
An attack on Rastell (lawyer) and his archbishop Cranmer
What did the POG rebels resent and what did they want?
The part Cromwell and Cranmer had played in enacting the divorce and the break from Rome
The Pope restored
What were the POG rebels determined to do?
Preserve the saints they revered
What suggests that the rebels of the POG were religious?
Carried the banner of St Cuthbert and the banner of the Five Wounds of Christ
What happened at Kirkby Stephen in Westmorland?
There was uproar when the priest filed to offer prayers for St Luke’s Day
What did the POG rebels call for?
The restoration and defence of clerical privileges
What did the POG rebels not want to do but what were they keen to do?
Pay more first fruits and tenths to the King
Restore the benefit of the clergy and ecclesiastical liberties
What happened in September 1536?
In Lancashire where four monasteries would be closed, monks encourage the commons to rise
What alarmed many local people in 1536 and why?
Commissioners travelling through Lincolnshire
Commissioners were authorised by the Bishop of Lincoln to investigate the condition of the parish clergy and close down the smaller monasteries
What did rebels from Louth and Horncastle do and what did they want?
Drew up articles requesting that their abbeys be preserved
Guarantees that their parish churches wouldn’t be closes
What was scheduled to happen in Yorkshire and what did rebels argue?
The closure of over 100 monasteries and abbeys
That socioeconomic services would be affected, education would decline, and the spiritual information and preaching provided by the monks would disappear
