religion revision Flashcards
what are the 9 aspects?
- Beliefs, Scared stories, Spaces, places, times and artifacts, Texts, Rituals, Symbols, social structures, Ethics, Spiritual experiences.
what are some examples of all 9 Aspects from both Islam and Catholicism?
beliefs- belief in one god (I), Trinity (C).
sacred stories-
Who was Martin Luther? What was he known for? When/where did he live?
a German theologian, professor, pastor, and church reformer.
He was mostly known for beginning the Protestant Reformation with the publication of his Ninety-Five Theses, in which he attacked the Church’s sale of indulgences.
He was born nov 10th 1483 and lived in Germany.
What are the 95 Theses? What did it focus on?
The 95 Theses expressed Martin Luther’s ideas about the Bible, religious authority, the role of the papacy in society, and how to get to heaven.
What/when/where was the Council of Trent? Why was it called? Who called it? What were the outcomes?
-A Roman Catholic council held from 1545-1553 to address challenges by Protestant Reformation. This council was a central foundation of the Counter-Reformation or Catholic Reformation, and essentially revolutionised the catholic church.
-took place in the city of Trent (Trento) in northern Italy
-Convened by Pope Paul III
-reaffirmed the authority of the Catholic Church
In what ways was Martin Luther critical of the Catholic Church?
He objected not only to the church’s greed but to the very idea of indulgences, and he believed that salvation could be achieved only through God’s mercy.
What is an indulgence? How were they abused?
Indulgences can be anything from good works and charitable acts to prayer and pilgrimage. However, they were abused and corrupted into a moneymaking scheme, in which church leaders would charge extra to make money for themselves.
What is: sola scriptura? Sola fide?
through Faith alone, by Scripture alone, in Christ alone, by Grace alone!
What is the Reformation? When/where did it occur? What were the causes and consequences?
a religious reform movement in the 1500s in Europe that suggested the removal of impurities and corruption from church institutions and people.
the consequences were, freedom of religion, freedom of conscience, the dignity of the individual, and political democracy.
What is the Black Plague? Is it different to the Bubonic Plague?
The Black plague was a devastating global epidemic of bubonic plague that struck Europe and Asia in the mid-1300s.
What impact did the plague have in the Catholic Church?
The perceived failure of God to answer prayers contributed to the decline of the Church’s power during the plague because catholics believed that God would stop the plague if they prayed, but it wasn’t stopping.
What does ‘heresy’ mean?
Heresy is any belief or theory that strongly disagrees with established beliefs or customs, mostly in a religion.
Who were the Jesuits? Explain their history and vocational focus?
-a Roman Catholic order founded by St. Ignatius of Loyola, noted for its educational, missionary, and charitable works.
-helped modernize the church and was a principal agent of the counter-reformation.
What is a pluralist society? What is a secularist society? Explain the difference between the two.
A ‘Pluralistic Society’ is a society that embraces diversity in terms of religion, social groups, values etc.
In a secular society, the powers of the church and the state are separate.
List both negative and positive aspects of pluralism and secularism.
positive (pluralism)- provides space for them to express views and practice their beliefs without reprisal.
negative (pluralism)- the same diversity that can encourage innovation also encourages conflict.
positive (secularism)- To non-religious people, secularism represents the freedom to live in a way that suits them.
negative (secularism)- It discourages people from thinking for themselves.
