legal revision

Question 1

what is the lower house of the australian parliament called?

Answer 1

the house of representatives

Question 2

what is the upper house of the australian parliament called?

Answer 2

the senate

Question 3

what is the Judicial Arm of Government responsible for?

Answer 3

settling disputes and enforcing the law

Question 4

what are the three Arms of Government called?

Answer 4

The executive, judicial, legislative arms

Question 5

how are members of the House of Representatives elected?

Answer 5

Elected by voters in an electorate

Question 6

how is the federal government usually formed?

Answer 6

The political party that won a majority of the seats in the Lower House of parliament

Question 7

what is an area of Federal government responsibility?

Answer 7

Armed forces

Question 8

what is an area of local government responsibility?

Answer 8

Library

Question 9

the Supreme Court can hear disputes regarding?

Answer 9

Only the most serious criminal offences

Question 10

for a case to be immediately taken to the High Court of Australia, it must have?

Answer 10

Be a dispute between state governments or with the federal government

Question 11

what are the two parties involved in a civil case

Answer 11

Plaintiff and Defendant

Question 12

what did the United Nations form after?

Answer 12

ww2

Question 13

non-government organisations..?

Answer 13

offer vital support to government aid programs

Question 14

what is foreign Aid?

Answer 14

A voluntary transfer of resources from one country to another.

Question 15

what are the two forms Foreign aid can take?

Answer 15

development and emergency aid

Question 16

What colour helmet do Peacekeepers tranditionally wear?

Answer 16

blue

Question 17

what does the term ‘bicameral’ mean in relation to Australia’s federal parliament?

Answer 17

bicameral means 2 houses. the 2 houses in australias federal parliament are the Legislative Assembly, or Lower House, and the Legislative Council, or Upper House.

Question 18

What is the role of the Governor General?

Answer 18

the representative of the monarch (king of england),
Their role includes duties like opening and closing sessions of parliament, giving royal assent to laws, and representing the country at official events.

Question 19

what are two roles of the senate?

Answer 19

Reviewing and making minor changes to the legislation, they examine bills passed by the House of Representatives, suggesting changes or amendments before they become law.
And Representing the states.

Question 20

Currency, Primary Schools, Roads, Parks, Rubbish Collection, Community Centres, Immigration, Armed Forces.
Which of these go in local gov, federal gov, or state gov? (hint state gov only has 2, fed and local have 3)

Answer 20

local gov: rubbish collection, community centers, parks.
federal gov: currency, immigration, armed forces.
state gov: primary schools, roads

Question 21

With regards to Australia, explain the term Federation. Explain why some colonies opposed and some colonies thought Federation of Australia was beneficial.

Answer 21

Federation in Australia refers to the process in 1901 when the six British colonies united to form the Commonwealth of Australia, creating a single nation under a federal system of government.

-reaons why they opposed: worried about losing their independence, control over local issues, or fear of being dominated by larger colonies.

-reasons why beneficial: it would strengthen Australia as a whole, improve trade, create a unified defense force

Question 22

With reference to one Asian parliamentary system, identify and clearly explain two significant similarities and two significant differences with that of the Australian parliamentary system. Use appropriate supporting examples to aid your response.

Answer 22

japan:
similarities: Both Japan and Australia are laid out similarly, with a figurehead at the top (in Japan: the emperor, and in Australia: the prime minister).
Both also allow for a judicial system of courts where the Supreme Court reigns as the highest.

differences: Japan has 47 prefectures and 1741 local municipalities, whereas Australia has 6 states and 2 territories.
Australia has a federal parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm, while Japan has a parliamentary government with a constitutional monarchy.

Question 23

Draw the court hierarchy.

Answer 23

high court of australia
|
supreme court of vic
|
county court of vic
|
magistrates court of vic

Question 24

Write a short summary of the Criminal case you studied. Your response must include:
- A summary of the case
- The outcome of this case
- An explanation of why this matter is a criminal case

Answer 24

Charlton Smith v Police (Criminal):
-On the 6th of July 2008, Smith is alleged to have attended an address in Croydon and made a number of threats before assaulting the occupants in the house. In relation to this matter, he was charged with aggravated burglary and assault.
-few months later, he was charged with offences such as, theft of motor vehicle, handling stolen goods, criminal damage by fire, and more.
-it’s a criminal case as it’s a person being tried in court for crimes they may or may not have committed.

Question 25

Write a short summary of the high court case you studied. Your response must include:
- A summary of the case
- The outcome of this case

Answer 25

McBain v. State of Victoria.
-Dr. John McBain, a Melbourne doctor, was prohibited from administering in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment to a single woman, Lisa Meldrum, due to Victorian legislation. The case was brought by Justice Sundberg.

-the case ruled that women don’t need to be married or in a de facto relationship to be eligible for IVF treatment.

Question 26

Explain the two types of foreign aid that can be provided by a country.

Answer 26

Bilateral Aid and Multilateral Aid.
-bilateral: aid given directly from one country to another. (e.g. financial assistance, resources, expertise to support health, education, etc.)
-multilateral: aid provided by multiple countries, like through United Nations or the World Bank. combines to address global issues like poverty, climate change, or disaster relief.

Question 27

Explain two reasons why Australia provides foreign aid.

Answer 27

Humanitarian Support and Promotes Regional Stability.
humanitarian: helps countries in need, especially during crises like natural disasters or to fight poverty, improve living conditions.
stability: strengthens relationships with neighboring countries, promotes peace, and supports economic and political stability in the Asia-Pacific region.

Question 28

Outline the purpose of the United Nations.

Answer 28

to promote international peace and security, foster cooperation among countries, and address global issues like poverty, human rights, climate change, and humanitarian crises. It aims to prevent conflicts, provide aid, and create a platform for dialogue between nations.