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Religious Studies > Religion, Peace and Conflict > Flashcards

Religion, Peace and Conflict Flashcards

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1
Q

Who is the first person to die in the Bible?

A

Abel

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2
Q

Evidence to show murder is forbidden in the Old Testament.

A

‘Whoever sheds human blood, by humans shall their blood be shed.’

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3
Q

What is the sixth commandment?

A

‘You shall not murder’

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4
Q

In what context is violence allowed in the Old Testament?

A

Wars, that should bring about peace

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5
Q

Evidence to show that GOd will bring absolute peace one day.

A

‘Nation will not take up sword against nation’

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6
Q

What are Jesus’ teaching of violence?

A

It is wrong to use violence at all, pacifism

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7
Q

According to Jesus’ teachings, when is violence acceptable?

A

as a reaction to injustice and corruption

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8
Q

Evidence to support violence in defence.

A

‘Defend the weak and the fatherless’

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9
Q

Why do some Christians believe it is okay to serve in the armed forces?

A

They believe the service they bring is to help bring peace and protect innocent civillians; ‘Defend the weak and the fatherless.’

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10
Q

Why do some Christians believe it is wrong to get involved in politics?

A

They believe the authorities are appointed by God so should be respected and trusted.

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11
Q

Which denomination abstains from politics and voting?

A

Plymouth Brethren

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12
Q

Why do some Christians feel morally obligated to be invloved in politics?

A

They believe it is important to stay informed about government decisions and to speak up if there appears to be any form of injustice

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13
Q

How many Bishops are there which make up the Lords Spiritual in the House of Lords?

A

26

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14
Q

What is the definition of terrorism?

A

The illegal use of violence to cause fear and intimidation for political aims.

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15
Q

What are the Catholic views on terrorism?

A

Opposed

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16
Q

Evidence from the Catechism to support being against terrorism.

A

‘Terrorism threatens, wounds, and kills indiscriminately; it is gravely against justice and charity.’

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17
Q

What does the Catholic Church believe to be an appropriate response to terrorism involving violence?

A

an Act of Just War as a last resort to preserve innocent life in the face of indiscriminate violence used by terrorists.

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18
Q

What are the Church of England views on terrorism?

A

same as Catholocism

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19
Q

Jus ad Bellum

A
  • War must be started by the proper authority
  • Reason to go to war must be just
  • Everything must be done to make sure good rather than evil comes from the war
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20
Q

What are the 2 points added by Catholics to Jus ad Bellum?

A
  • War must have been a last resort
  • Force used must be no more than necessary to win
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21
Q

Jus in Bello

A
  • Civilians should not be harmed
  • Appropriate force should only be used
  • Internationally agreed rules on war should be obeyed
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22
Q

Jus post Bellum

A
  • Punish war criminals
  • Help retrain police and military in a defeated country where a bad government has been defeated
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23
Q

What is Holy War?

A

an argument which states physical violence is sometimes necessary to defend religion

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24
Q

What are the 3 elements of a holy war?

A
  • Achievement of a religious goal
  • Authorisation of a religious leader
  • Promise of a spiritual reward for those who take part
25
Q

Example of a Holy War in the Bible.

A

Book of Joshua; Israelites battle against those who lived on the land that God had promised them.

26
Q

What were the Crusades?

A

an attempt by Christians to reclaim the Holy Land of Jerusalem from the Muslims

27
Q

What are the Geneva Conventions supposed to be?

A

A set of rules that aims to limit the effects of armed conflict by regulating the behaviour of those fighting

28
Q

What are Christian attitudes to conventional warfare?

A

The Bible teaches them to strive for peace and justice, and sometimes war may be necessary to avoid this. Otherwise war should be avoided.

29
Q

What is apocalyptic war?

A

War that would lead to catastrophic results and widespread destruction, primarily referring to nuclear weapons.

30
Q

What did Pope John XXIII say about nuclear war?

A

‘It is impossible to conceive of a just war in a nuclear age. ‘

31
Q

What are Methodist attitudes towards weapons of mass destruction?

A

Chemical, biological and nuclear weapons should never be used, however the possession of nuclear weapons is acceptable as a deterrent.

32
Q

Why do most Christians condemn the use of nuclear weapons in war?

A

The destructive potential of these weapons means they could never be justified in a war.

33
Q

Evidence from CofE against the use of nuclear bombs.

A

‘Such weapons… could never be proportionate to the just cause and aim of war.’

34
Q

What is the meaning of technological warfare?

A

The use of developments in technology to advance weapons and means of engaging in war.

35
Q

Give an example of a weapon used in technological warfare.

A

Drones

36
Q

Why do Christians condemn the use of drones in warfare?

A

They reduce the awareness of the human cost of war

37
Q

Evidence from the Catechism to say only required force is to be used in war.

A

‘If a man in self-defence uses more than necessary violence, it will be unlawful. ‘

38
Q

Evidence to support war and violence.

A

‘Proclaim this among the nations, prepare for war!’

39
Q

Evidence for pacifism.

A

‘love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you.’

40
Q

Evidence that the Bible supports pacifism.

A

‘Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called children of God.’

41
Q

What is pacifism?

A

the belief that any use of violence is wrong including any act of war

42
Q

What are some methods pacifists may use to resolve conflicts?

A

sanctions, protests, boycotts

43
Q

What is absolute pacifism?

A

the idea that there should be no violence used whatsoever even in a military aspect

44
Q

Which Christian denominations actively advocate pacifism?

A

Brethren, Amish and Quakers

45
Q

Why do the Brethren, Amish and Quakers advocate for pacifism?

A

Because of the way Jesus lived for example to accpet the violence put upon him before his crucifixtion without fighting back

46
Q

What is conditional pacifism?

A

The argument that the consequences of war are less bad than the consequences of an alternative.

47
Q

Which Denominations agree with the use of violence as a last resort?

A

catholic and anglicans

48
Q

Evidence to support that everyone should strive for peace.

A

‘Make every effort to live in peace with everyone.’

49
Q

What is the CND?

A

Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, an organisation that campaigns for unilateral nuclear disarmament by the UK.

50
Q

Evidence from a story for forgiveness.

A

‘If any one of you is without sin, let him be the first to throw a stone at her.’

51
Q

What is reconcilliation?

A

the catholic sacrament which states a person can confess their sins to the priest and are given absolution, this frees them from blame and guilt before God.

52
Q

Evidence to support hating evil.

A

‘Seek good, not evil,’

53
Q

Evidence to support justice amongst people.

A

‘For the lord is righteous, he loves justice, the upright will see his face.’

54
Q

Evidence to support forgiveness.

A

For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you.’

55
Q

Evidence against revenge.

A

‘Do not take revenge, my dear friends.’

56
Q

Evidence against forgiveness in the absence of repentance.

A

‘if your brother sins, rebuke him; if he repents, forgive him.’

57
Q

Explain Christian injustice.

A

It is simply not just love and forgiveness, but also it demands that wrongdoing is appropriately punished and that forgiveness if offered only if the wrongdoer is repentant.

58
Q

Evidence against social injustice.

A

‘When an alien lives with you in your land, do not ill treat him,’

59
Q

What is liberation theology?

A

the belief that God has the power to change situations in the world that are unjust

Religious Studies (6 decks)

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