Religion: Judaism Flashcards
Attached to the right side of the doorpost as you enter a room, normally front doorway
Mezuzah
Garment worn during the morning prayers
Tallit
Sometimes called a yarmelka or a skullcap, small round cap worn on the head
Kippah
A rams horn blown during the month prior to rosh hashanah as well as during rosh hashanah services and at the end of Tom Kippur
Shofar
By whom and when was Judaism founded
Abram ( later abraham) and 1800 b.c.
Where was Abraham from
Ur of Mesopotamia
What did Abraham believe in
One god named Yahweh
Where did Yahweh lead Abram and his wife Sarai ( later Sarah)
Canaan
What is current day Canaan
Israel
What did Yahweh make with Abraham
A covenant naming his descendants the chosen people
What was Sarah and Abrahams son named and who descended from him
Isaac and the Jews
What was Isaac’s sons name and what did this lead to
Israel and led to the name Israelites of Israelis
Refers to any people or ethnic population forced or induced to leave their traditional ethnic homelands
Diaspora
About how many jewfish people live in Israel today
7 million
Whom does the Jewish status pass through
Mother ( matrilineal)
About how many Jews are there in the world
13-14 million
A day of rest and prayer each sunset on Friday to sunset on Saturday
Sabbath
Jewish new year which begins the high holy days, a ten day period of repentance and renewal; takes place in fall
Rosh hashanah
Last of the high holy days, aka the day of atonement
Yom Kippur
Spring holiday that celebrates the escape from Egypt
Passover
8 day winter observance of a 163 b.c. Jewish victory and the red education of the Temple in Jerusalem
Hanukkah
What are the two most important holy days
Rosh hashanah
Yom Kippur
Is Hanukkah very holy
No
Small group with absolute adherence to old rules and customs (Hasidic)
Ultra-orthodox
Strict but not absolute, believe that laws should not be changed
Orthodox
Most sabbath and kosher laws still apply, more roles given to women
Conservative
Willing to hanger rules to make religion compatible with modern times
Reform
What is the praying style of Hasidic Jews ( ultra-orthodox )
Women pray up on a balcony and men pray down below
First 5 books of the Old Testament - tells the story of Abraham and the covenant
Torah
Early commentaries on the Torah written around the 2nd century ad
Talmud
The prayer book used in Jewish worship
Siddur
Circumcision of 8 day old baby boys
Brit Milah
Ceremony honoring the arrival of manhood at age 13
Bar mitzvah
Honoring the arrival of womanhood at age 12
Bat mitzvah
A traditional public marriage ceremony ending with a glass broken by the groom to symbolize the scattering of the Jewish people
Kiddushin
Quick, uncomplicated burial. No cremation or embalming, followed by seven days of observant mourning
Shiva
Professional mourners
Wailers
Prejudice against the Jews
Anti semitism
What country contained most of the worlds Jewish population in the 1800s
Russia
What were the deadly episodes ethnic cleansings that occurred in the 19th and 20th centuries called
Pogroms
How many Jews died in the holocaust
6 million
What is the Jews view regarding the afterlife
They think there is a heaven, but it is not their focus
What was the journey called when Moses led the Jews parting the Red Sea and involving the Ten Commandments
Exodus
What are Jews called in the bible
Hebrews or children of Israel
The term Jew and Judaism come from?
Tribe or kingdom of Judah
Jew now refers to all physical and spiritual descendants of
Jacob (aka Israel)
Good deeds
Mitzvot
Jewish place of worship and it’s leader
Synagogue and Rabbi
How do Jews feel about new members
They do not attempt to convert people
How many commandments are Jews responsible for
613
What is the language of the Jews and how many times during the day do they pray
Hebrew
3
Food laws
Kosher
Cycle the Jewish calendar is based on
Lunisolar
