Middle Ages, Renaissance, Baroque Period Flashcards
Generally, what was the Middle Ages art like?
Flat 2-dimensional
Less emphasis of scholarship and science
When were the Middle Ages
500 A.D. - 1400 A.D
Compared to classical art, how was the quality of visual art?
Less realistic and refined
What were the 3 significant “schools” of the Middle Ages
Byzantine
Romanesque
Gothic
Eastern Orthodox, believed to hold special powers
Icon
Most significant architectural creation of Byzantine style
Hagia Sophia other known as church of holy wisdom
Allowed a some to be built on a square building
Pendentives
Describe the art of Romanesque period
A lot of curved arches
Who was the leading patron of the Romanesque style
Catholic Church
What are the common elements of gothic cathedrals
Ribbed vaults, POINTED arches, stained-glass windows
Groin vaults
What was the gargoyles actual function and believed purpose
Actual was to serve as water spouts
Believed keep demons away
What was the labyrinth meant for?
Meditation
Most famous work of the gothic period
Cathedral of Norte Dame in Paris
Religious music for worship services
Gregorian chants
Chants done by one person with an additional melodic line
Organum
Lyric poets who held knightly rank and sang emotional and religious stories
Troubadours
What was the opinion of literature in the Middle Ages
Cared very literature
Earliest English work
Beowulf
Oldest surviving work in french literature
Song of Roland
Highlight of English late Middle Ages literature
The Canterbury tales
What was the renaissance
REBIRTH of the classical era
What was
The location of the renaissance
Started in Florence then moved to Rome
During the renaissance what were the 4 breakthroughs in painting
Oil paint on canvas
Perspective
Chiaroscuro
Pyramid configuration
Replaced
Tempera paint on wood and fresco on plaster
Made out of egg yolk
Illusion of depth on a flat surface - objects fade toward a vanishing point
Perspective
Use of light and shadow to create depth and realism through shading
Chiaroscuro
Building the focus of an image to a climax in the center
Pyramid
Configuration
What were the three significant eras of the renaissance
Early renaissance
High renaissance
Northern renaissance
When was the early renaissance
1400 to 1500
Key patron of the early renaissance
Medici family
Major theme of renaissance art
Religion
The father of renaissance painting
Masaccio
The father of renaissance sculpture
Donatello
Birth of Venus
Used new techniques to tell story of the classical
Botticelli
What is the period of the high renaissance
1500-1600
What happens to the renaissance movement during the high renaissance
Shifts to Rome
Who was the key patron of the high renaissance
Pope Julius II
When does the high renaissance period begin
Leonardo da Vinci paints his “last supper”
What is the key sculpture during the high renaissance
Michelangelos pieta
What is the date of the northern renaissance
1400-1600
What was the northern renaissance closely linked to
Protestant reformation
Stories where fictional characters symbolically represent another level of “Truth”
Allegory
Who found Protestantism
Martin Luther
What performing art was born in Italy and was an interpretation of fencing
Ballet
The first opera performed in 1597
Dafne by jacopo peris
What was Leonardo da Vinci known as
The renaissance man
What was da vincis one flaw
He had ADD and so it was hard for him to complete his works
Who painted the arnolfini wedding and where was he from
Jan van eyck
Holland
Who painted the resurrection and where was he from
El Greco
Spain
Who painted the four horseman of the apocalypse
Albrecht durer
Germany
Who painted hunters in the snow and where was he from
Pieter Bruegel
Belgium
Who painted the Sistine chapel ceiling
Michelangelo
What was the key contribution of architecture during the high renaissance
Donato bramante’s
Tempietto
When was the baroque/ rococo period
1600-1800
What was the baroque/ rococo period noted for
Elaborate presentation and excessive detail
Who established the council of Trent and why
Catholic Church to support a counter-reformation against Protestantism
Who helped fund baroque period
Aristocracy
What was the most important building of the baroque period
Palace of Versailles near Paris
What is the final phase of the baroque period called
Rococo
What does the rococo period show
Baroque at it’s height and most decorative
Greatest sculptor of the baroque era
Bernini
Most noted for full bodied female nudes
Rubens
Painter from holland who had really detailed and lifelike paintings
Vermeer
Architect who designed more than 50 stone churches in London
Wren
Made the worlds greatest painting
Velazquez
Most significant of Italian baroque painters
Caravaggio
1st woman in history to make significant contributions to the art of her era
Gentileschi
What type of novel is popularized in Spain
Picaresque
What is considered the greatest novel in Spain
Don Quixote by Cervantes
Links visual arts with performing arts
Ornamentation
One of greatest musical geniuses of all time who was in the baroque era
Bach
Other important composers of baroque era
Antonio Vivaldi and G.F. Handel
Who is considered the best painter ever
Rembrandt
How many self portraits did Rembrandt create
About 100
Made the Ecstasy of St. Theresa
St. Peter’s Cathedral
Bernini
From Italy
the descent from the cross
From Flanders
Rubens
The milkmaid
Girl with Peal earing
Vermeer from holland
St. Paul’s Cathedral
England
Wren
Las meninas
Spain
Velazquez
Calling of at Mathew
Caravaggio
Italy
I doth and the Holofernes, women getting revenge
Italy gentileschi
Where is the Hagia Sophia located
Istanbul
Pointed structures in gothic architecture
Flying buttresses
What was new about the background of the Mona Lisa
Imaginary landscape
Who owns the Mona Lisa today’s
France
An interpretation of the arnolfini wedding
Woman in painting was dead
Which country was Pieter Bruegel from
Netherlands
Machiavelli wrote the prince in 1513. He believed that a person must be what to be a powerful leader
Feared
Technique when colors are all well blended together
Sfumato
What does mona mean
Mrs
Who sculpted bronze version of David
Donatello
Who sculpted David
Michelangelo
What is the ignorance of the pieta
Mary looks extremely young and he used one slab Of marble
Name one invention of da Vinci
Helicopter
Who created the printing press and what was the first thing it printed
Gutenberg and the bible
