religion in the city - temples and the roles within them

Question 1

what are temples made for

Answer 1

to provide a home for the god and to house the city’s treasures

Question 2

where in the city were temples located

Answer 2

separated from the city near freshwater sources. this was called a sanctuary

Question 3

what is being polluted

Answer 3

being unclean in the eyes of the gods

Question 4

how do you become polluted

Answer 4

if you commit homocide or come into contact with a newborn or dead person

Question 5

how do you become un polluted

Answer 5

wash yourself

Question 6

pediment

Answer 6

triangular space at the front and back of a temple

Question 7

ionic frieze

Answer 7

long continuous strip of marble stretching around a temple

Question 8

doric frieze

Answer 8

metope - strip of marble separated into square sections

Question 9

opisthodomos

Answer 9

room where the city’s treasures are stored

Question 10

naos/cella

Answer 10

room with cult statue

Question 11

collonade

Answer 11

rows of columns which support the roof of the temple

Question 12

which way did temples face

Answer 12

east

Question 13

features of greek temples

Answer 13

steps all around, collonade, 2 rooms

Question 14

who could enter temples

Answer 14

only priests

Question 15

hiereus/hiereia

Answer 15

a greek priest/priestess who performed sacrifices

Question 16

mantis

Answer 16

greek fortune teller who reads entrails of animals and behaviour of birds

Question 17

hecatomb

Answer 17

sacrifice of 100+ animals during festivals

Question 18

stages of a greek sacrifice

Answer 18

1. horns of animal gilded
2. animal is led to altar whilst music plays
3. hiereus puors water on animals head and animal nods
4. animals hair is cut off and thrown into fire
5. animals throat is slit and women scream
6. thigh bones wrapped in fat and sacrificed
7. entrails read and meat is shared

Question 19

where is parthenon found

Answer 19

on the acropolis in athens

Question 20

who si it dedicated to

Answer 20

Athena Parthenos - Athena the virgin

Question 21

descirbe athena’s statue

Answer 21

made of ivory and gold, 13m tall, has medusa on shield, is standing

Question 22

what is on pediments of the parthenon

Answer 22

east - birth of athena
west - contest for naming of athens

Question 23

name of sanctuary around temple of zeus at olympia

Answer 23

altis

Question 24

what is on pediments and metopes of temple of zeus at olympia

Answer 24

eastern pediment - pelops and oinmaos
metopes - hercules’ labours

Question 25

description of roman temple

Answer 25

collonade but some columns are semi-engaged, steps but only st the front, naos/cella, no opisthodomos

Question 26

what is the altar

Answer 26

most important place in sanctuary - where sacrifices take place

Question 27

augurs

Answer 27

both greek and roman, specifically read behaviour of birds

Question 28

pontifeces

Answer 28

priests, who maintain pax deorum and look after temples

Question 29

pontifex maximus

Answer 29

chief priest who decides religious calendar and chooses Vestal Virgins

Question 30

Vestal Virigins

Answer 30

keep flam e of rome burning, make mola salsa

Question 31

what do vestal virgins have to promise

Answer 31

vow of chastity, if broken they are buried alive

Question 32

haruspex

Answer 32

similar to mantis - reads entrails to determine will of gods

Question 33

popa

Answer 33

hits animal on head during sacrifice

Question 34

cultraris

Answer 34

slits the throat of the animal