Religion in Politics Flashcards
Examples of religion being marginalised and promoted in state formation (Esposito et al)
- Promoted in SA, Israel
- Marginalised in Turkey
What impact did the collaboration of the cross and the crown have? (Esposito et al)
-Led many muslims to view colonial conquests as a continuation of Christianity’s crusades against Islam
What is the purpose of government in Islam? (Esposito et al)
-The purpose of politics in Islam is for governments to provide ethical governance in consultation with their citizens
What kind of governance have many Christians espoused in the ME? (Esposito et al)
-Sharing power through a quota system of PR (Lebanon) or through secularization (Sudan)
What are Copts often used to measure? (Esposito et al)
-tolerance and pluralism in Egyptian society
What is situation in Lebanon (Esposito et al)
-political system favoured Christian dominance, today Muslims and Christians struggle to redefine their situations politically and socioeconomically
What impact did resurgence of political islam have? (Esposito et al)
- Transformed basic character of then Sudan and Iran
- Significantly influenced others eg FIS and Turkey
Why does Islamic resurgence appear?(Esposito et al)
-Appears as muslim soceities caught between traditional loyalties, secular nationalism and modern islamic thrusts towards Islamic nationalism
What are more and more islamic groups doing?(Esposito et al)
-eschewing violence and participating in electoral politics
What have several modernization theorists conceded since 1980s (Eickelman and Pescatori)
-that positing a sharp division between modernity and tradition oversimplifies a complex process of interaction in which religion and tradition coexist with economic development and the needs of a modern society
“Tradition is often…” (Eickelman and Pescatori)
-“tradition is often a profound vehicle for evolutionary and revolutionary change”
What has happened to Islamic Law particularly since the mid 19th century?(Eickelman and Pescatori)
-emendations and additions to a purportedly invariant Islamic law have occurred throughout Islamic history, tradition is possible more flexible than first thought, through independent judgement
“Islam has accommodated…” (Milton-Edwards)
Islam has both accommodated secularism in the form of pan-islamism and islamic nationalism has rejected the notion
“Political muslims have been…“(Milton-Edwards)
-Political muslims have been rulers, the ruled, in government and in opposition, claiming legitimacy in the name of Islam and contesting and protesting it
What did Islamic modernists emphasise? (Milton-Edwards)
-Asserted the need to revive the Muslim community through a process of reinterpretation or reformulation of their Islamic heritage in light of the contemporary world
