Religion in a Global Context Flashcards
What is globalisation?
- The interconnectedness of the world – national boundaries have been broken down.
What is secularisation?
- The decline in the importance of religion.
Complete the following sentence:
Some sociologists suggest that ________ has bought rapid _____ growth and has seen _________ become a more important player on the world political stage in areas such as _____ and pharmaceuticals.
- Globalisation
- Economic
- India
- IT
Complete the following sentence:
Globalisation has brought ______ to India – particularly the urban _______ class.
- Prosperity
- Middle
Complete the following sentence:
In India, Hinduism _______ middle class prosperity and ultra-nationalism.
- Legitimates
Complete the following sentences:
The importance of ________ and technology in economic ______ and the rational worldview on which they depend, are seen as ______ belief in the _____. Increased interest in religion has also been reflected in the dramatic _______ of religious _____ such as visits to shrines and ___________.
- Science
- Development
- Destroying
- Supernatural
- Growth
- Tourism
- Temples
In which places in the world has religion been seen as responsible for the success of capitalism?
- East Asia
Complete the following sentence:
Latin American Pentecostalists embrace a work _____ and _________ similar to that of the Calvinists. Like Calvinism, Pentecostalism demands a self-denying way of life that emphasises _______ discipline, hard work and abstinence from _______. In this way, it encourages its members to prosper and become _____ mobile (social mobility).
- Ethic
- Lifestyle
- Personal
- Alcohol
- Upwardly
How has Christianity globalized itself in the last five centuries?
- By expanding out of Europe, first into South America and then into Africa.
Complete the following sentence:
Fundamentalism believes in the literal _______ of scriptures and fundamentalists tend to______ contact with those who think _______.
- Truth
- Avoid
- Differently
Complete the following sentence:
Although fundamentalists may hate _______ they use modern methods it to ‘spread their beliefs’.
- Modernity
What is cultural defence?
- Where religion serves to unite a community against an external threat.
- In these situations, religion has a special significance for its followers because it symbolises the group or society’s collective identity. Defending the community against a threat often gives a religion a prominent role in politics.
Complete the following sentence:
Poland is an example of cultural _____. From ____ to 1989, Poland was under _____ rule, imposed from outside by the Soviet Union. During this time, the Catholic Church was ________, but for many Poles it continued to embody Polish ______ identity. The Church served as a popular rallying point for ______to the Soviet Union and the Polish communist party. In particular, it lent its active ________ to the solidarity free trade union in the 1980s that did much to bring about the fall of Communism. Thereafter, the church _____ a public role and has had a significant influence on Polish politics since.
- Defence
- 1945
- Communist
- Suppressed
- National
- Opposition
- Support
- Regained
Complete the following sentence:
Iran is an example of cultural ________. Western Capitalist ______ and oil companies had long _______ in Iran, including involvement in the illegal overthrow of a ______ government in the 1950s to install a pro-Western regime headed by the Shah of Iran. During the ____ and 1970s, his successor embarked on a policy of ________ and Westernisation. This included banning the veil and ______ the Muslim calendar. Meanwhile, modernisation was widening the gap between the ______ and the poor, while protest was ruthlessly suppressed. Change was imposed _____ and from above, causing great suffering. Under these conditions, Islam became the focus for resistance to the Shah’s regime, led by clerics such as the Ayatollah Khomeini. The revolution of 1979 bought the creation of the Islamic Republic, in which clerics held _____ power and were able to impose Islamic Sharia law.
- Defence
- Powers
- Influence
- Democratic
- 1960s
- Modernisation
- Replacing
- Rich
- Rapidly
- State
Complete the following sentences:
There is no global ___________ about self-expression values, such as tolerance of ______, gender equality and freedom of speech. In recent years, religion has been at the centre of a number of global ______.
- Agreement
- Diversity
- Conflicts
