Religion + Globalisation

Question 1

Globalisation + Postmodernism

Answer 1

• There is a rise in choice, diversity + fluidity of ideas
- old structures (class) not relevant
• Globalisation is important
- Global Village–> differences between countries fade
- Global economy –> Multi national corporations (amazon) operate everywhere

Question 2

Globalisation - Religious Fundamentalism

Answer 2

Fundamentalism = Form of religion that upholds beliefs in strict, literal interpretation of scripture
• Extreme - direct reaction to Postmodern world
• Examples: White-only Church (West) + Taliban (East)
- Bible is literally true
- Aggressive reaction to challenges
- Enforce patriarchy
- Conspiracy theory

Question 3

Globalisation - Rise of Fundamentalism - Giddens - Cosmopolitan

Answer 3

• Promotion of cosmopolitan (modern) values causes rise
- now have Liberal worldview, threatening conservatism
- Mainstream religions dilute views to stay relevant - push minority to extreme

Question 4

Globalisation - Rise of Fundamentalism - Bauman - Lack of truth

Answer 4

• People join fundamentalist groups as can’t cope with lack of truth in Postmodern world

Question 5

Globalisation - Rising Fundamentalism - Castells - 2 types of identity

Answer 5

• 2 types of identity
- Resistance–> protect values under threat
- Project–> embrace change through new age movement

Question 6

Globalisation - Rising Fundamentalism - Bruce - types of Fundamentalism

Answer 6

• 2 types of Fundamentalism
- Global West –> Reaction against progressives (New Christian Right)
- Global East –> Reaction to change forced upon them from outside

Question 7

Globalisation - Secular Fundamentalism - Davie

Answer 7

• Globalisation has promoted Western domination of science
• Pushed some ro adopt fundamentalist attitude

Question 8

Globalisation - Clash of Civlisations - Huntington

Answer 8

• Created 7 types if civilisation based on religion: Christianity, Islam, Hindu etc
• Civilisations are in conflict with each other
- Taliban caused because Western push Christian views onto Islam

Question 9

Globalisation - Evaluations

Answer 9

• Bruce –> Doesn’t just lead to fundamentalist groups but new religions too
• Jackson –> Huntington bases analysis on Western stereotype of East
• Casanova –> Huntington ignores key differences between groups
• Armstrong –> Hostility to West is caused by poor foreign policy decisions not religion

Question 10

Globalisation - Relogion + Economy - Nada + Berger

Answer 10

• Religion had a key role in developing economies around the world
• Nada –> The Case of India
- AS Indian wealth increased became more religious
• Hindu tele gurus - encourage personal profit
• Modi - new roads (7%), 2.5 bil
• Berger - Pentacostalism in South America
- encourages followers in Brazil yo improve work ethic = improved economy