Definitions of Religion

Question 1

Religion Definition - Substantive Definition - Weber

Answer 1

• Focus on content of belief - God
• Weber –> Belief in supernatural/superior
• Criticised: Overlooks polytheism (2+ gods)

Question 2

Religion Definition - Functional - Durkheim + Yinger

Answer 2

• Define by social + Psychological functions –> Durkheim
• Yinger –> Explains existential questions
• Inclusive definition but broad

Question 3

Religion Definition - Constructionist - Aldridge

Answer 3

• Interactionist - how members define themselves
• No clear, universal definition
• Aldridge –> scientologists believes they are a religion but gov wants to ban it
• No concrete definitions