Religion Final

Question 1

Earliest New Testament documents?

Answer 1

Authentic Pauline Letters

Question 2

What is the earliest gospel?

Answer 2

Mark

Question 3

What are the synoptic gospels?

Answer 3

Matthew, Mark, and Luke “syn opticos”

Question 4

What is Q?

Answer 4

Quelle=source, the hypothesis based on the fact that there are things in Matthew and Luke but not in Mark.

Question 5

What is M?

Answer 5

source that Matthew used

Question 6

What is L?

Answer 6

source that Luke used

Question 7

euangelion

Answer 7

good message or gospel

Question 8

what is the messianic secret?

Answer 8

In the gospel of Mark, Jesus always tells the people he heals to keep it a secret. He does not want people to know of his healings, etc.

Question 9

revolutionary jewish group devoted to getting the romans out and resisting them

Answer 9

zealot

Question 10

what does atonement mean?

Answer 10

the reconciliation of God and humankind through the sacrificial death of Jesus Christ

Question 11

What does Neufeld point out as the three atonement theories?

Answer 11

Anselm
Abelard
Christus Victor

Question 12

Explain the Anselm atonement theory

Answer 12

This is the satisfaction/substitution theory. It says that justice has to be served and God sent Jesus to be fully human to take in all of our sins, die, and restore God’s honor and pay the debt.

Question 13

Explain the Abelard atonement theory

Answer 13

This is the moral influence theory. Says that nothing needs to be restored, but shows God’s fathomless love so we might see and become better humans and repent for our sins.

Question 14

Explain the Christus Victor atonement theory

Answer 14

This is the literal ransom theory. Says that God tricked Satan into sparing all the people by sacrificing his only son. He tricked him because Jesus was resurrected so his death wasn’t actually final. Similar to a kidnapping and Jesus was paid as ransom to Satan.

Question 15

What does petitio principii mean?

Answer 15

Begging the question

Question 16

What is the feminist criticism of atonement?

Answer 16

They say it resembles child abuse because God sacrificed his INNOCENT son.

Question 17

Which gospel has the strongest indication that Jesus is divine?

Answer 17

John

Question 18

What is the gospel of John associated with?

Answer 18

The johannine school (so are the letters of John)

Question 19

what does paraclete mean?

Answer 19

advocate

Question 20

what does gnosis mean?

Answer 20

knowledge

Question 21

the belief that the end of the world is near

Answer 21

eschatology

Question 22

general pauline themes?

Answer 22

1. just by grace through faith
2. mission to the gentiles (circumcision)
3. not antinomianism (against the law)-believed that faith will result in your best behavior and you will follow the law
4. eschatology
5. ethical issue

Question 23

theological view of Romans

Answer 23

1. all human beings, Jew or Gentile, are under the power of sin and death
2. Can’t escape through your own efforts or works by trying to live in accordance with the law. Rather, all human beings require the saving grace made available by death and resurrection of Jesus Christ.
3. Jesus’ death was a sacrifice for human sins
4. saved by grace through faith (the faith is believing that Jesus is the Messiah)