Religion and Science Flashcards
Popper
Science is an open belief system where theories are open to criticism and testing by others
^ Falsification
Merton
Although science can be questioned it still grew because it had support from other institutions/values
Merton
(CUDOS)
Communism
Universalism
Disinteresteaness
Organised Scepticism
Horton
Distinguishes between open and closed:
Open = science, knowledge claims can be challenged
Closed = religion, knowledge can’t be changed
Pritchard
+ Azande tribe
Witchcraft
. Believes natural events have natural causes
. Poison and chicken
Pritchard = system preforms useful social functions:
- clears the air and prevents grudges
- belief of witchcraft is hereditory
Kuhn
Paradigms - tells scientists what reality is like so is a closed system, any person who challenges is ridiculed
Woolgar
Scientific facts are simple social constructions
Lyotard
Science is a big meta narrative
(Post modernism)
Gramsci
Refers to the ruling class ideology as hegemony
Abercrombie et al
Not the existance of a dominant ideology which keeps workers in line but its economic factors
Anderson
Nation is only an imagined community, although we identify with it we will never know most of its members
^ can bind millions of strangers together
Gellner
Nationalism is a modern phenomenon - allows mass state education to impose single, standard culture to all citizens
Mannheim
Sees all belief systems as partial or one-sided worldview. Results from being viewpoint of one particular group/class and its interests
Ideological = keep things way they are
Utopian = justifies social change
Mannheim
(Solution)
Detach from the social group intellectuals represent and create non-aligned or free-floating intelligentisa standing above conflict
Marks
Describes how ideas from science have excluded women from education
