Religion and development Flashcards
1
Q
What % of the Indian population is Hinduism?
A
85%
2
Q
Hinduism and consumerism
A
- Centre for the Study of Developing Societies (2007): Indians are becoming more religious (30%)
3
Q
Hindu ultra-nationalism
A
- PGA survey: 93% of Indians agreed with the statement ‘Our people are not perfect, but our culture is superior to others’
- Hindu values have helped India’s success in the global market
- Hinduism can be compared to the civil religion of India
- Hindu sciences are taught as academic subjects in universities, used to predict natural disasters
- Ministery of Defence: sponsoring the development of weapons with magical powers mentioned in the ancient Hindu texts
- Health Ministry: investing in the development and sale of cow urine to cure AIDS to TB
4
Q
According to Redding (1990), what do ‘post-Confucian’ values promote/do in these ‘East Asian tiger economies’?
A
- Encourage hard work, self-discipline, frugality and commitment to education and self-improvement
5
Q
Pentecostalism in Latin America
A
- Berger (2003): Pentecostalism in Latin America acts as a ‘functional equivalent’ to Weber’s Protestant ethic
- Pentecostalism demands an ascetic way of life…
6
Q
Pentecostalism: global and local
A
- Lehmann (2002): 2 phases in the expansion of global Christianity
1. Christianity accompanied colonisation and was imposed on the indigenous populations by conquests
2. It gained a following from below which meant that it spread (2015: 25 million Pentecostalists in Brazil alone)
7
Q
Why, according to Lehmann, was Pentecostalism a success?
A
- It incorporates local beliefs
- Although it preaches a similar message worldwide, it uses imagery and symbolism drawn from local cultures and beliefs
- In this way, Pentecostalism creates new local religious forms, rather than replacing them
- In Africa: this has led to the ‘Africanisation’ of Christianity as opposed to the total disappearance of indigenous religions
