Religion Flashcards
what were the threats to Catholicism?
protestantism, islam, jesuits, illuminists, erasmians, jews
when did protestantism emerge?
1517
what kind of threat did protestantism pose, in theory?
in theory posed a hugely serious threat to cathlicims in Spain
what kind of threat did protestantism pose, in reality?
only ever posed a limited threat
what weapon did Spain have to defend against protestantism?
- IQ
- 40 y/o institution with aim of stopping heresy
how was the threat of protestantism limited?
limited in size and it was very regional
how many Protestants were there in spain by 1558?
105 - 66 foreign and 39 native
in what decade what the protestant threat the highest?
1550s
where were protestant sects discovered?
seville and Valladolid
in what year were the seville protestants found?
1557 - small sects around 130 protestants found in seville
how was the seville threat dealt with?
ringleader Constantino de la Fuente arrested by IQ in 1558 and died in cells in 1560
in what year were the Valladolid protestants found?
- 1558
- April 1558, whole Cazalla filmy arrested
- led by Italian, Carlos de Sesso
did islam pose a serious threat?
no
was the islamic threat regional?
yes. only an issue in south and aragon
in what years was islam a serious threat?
1525-26
how did Charles initially attack muslims?
- attmepd to restrict their traditional customs and traditions
- banned use of arabic, dancing of zambra, weaving fo traditional moorish dress
what did Charles make moors in Aragon do in 1525?
convert
what started in Granada in 1526? what did it lead to?
- started IQ in granada
- lead to a minor, brief rising
- temporally and spatially constrained
how did Charles change his policies towards Muslims?
accepted bribes for inaction against them
what did Charles do w/ moors in Granada?
- received payment of 90,000 ducats across 6yrs
- in return local IQ exercised minimal vigilance over them
what did Charles do w/ moors in Valencia?
- moriscos gained 40yr period of grace from IQ prosecution in 1525
- return for payment of 40,000 ducats to crown
why was Charles’ policy towards muslims good?
neutralised any possible threat
how were religious reformers perceived?
often perceived as threats to Spanish church, but in reality they were not
how did the paranoid attitude of the church affect Catholicism?
-paranoid attitude of church, attaching any perceived dissent, deprived it of potentially beneficial reformers
were reformers a serious threat?
not a serious threat, but by persecuting reformers they damaged their own ability
how was the level of religion in Toledo?
before 1555, in Toledo, less than 40% could recite their players
name some religious reformers who were persecuted?
ignatius loyola, Erasmus and juan de avila
who were the illuminists?
a small elite group, made up aristocracy, of spiritual devotees
were the illuminists ever a threat to catholicism?
No. did not oppose its teachings or authority
who were erasmians?
trying to reform catholicism and were simply liberal Catholics
how were erasmians perceived?
- perceived as Protestantism consequently their leaders were persecuted
- June 1553, Juan de Vergara arrested by IQ
- due to fact Charles had left spain in 1529
what were jesuits trying to do?
improve standard of Catholicism but were persecuted by IQ
were jews a threat?
threat remained, but only a minor threat
between 1516-29, what % of persecutions of conversos by IQ?
77%
how did the persecution of conversos change by the end of the reign?
2%
why was it impossible for jews to pose a threat?
there were very few in Spain
