Religion

Question 1

what were the threats to Catholicism?

Answer 1

protestantism, islam, jesuits, illuminists, erasmians, jews

Question 2

when did protestantism emerge?

Answer 2

1517

Question 3

what kind of threat did protestantism pose, in theory?

Answer 3

in theory posed a hugely serious threat to cathlicims in Spain

Question 4

what kind of threat did protestantism pose, in reality?

Answer 4

only ever posed a limited threat

Question 5

what weapon did Spain have to defend against protestantism?

Answer 5

• IQ

- 40 y/o institution with aim of stopping heresy

Question 6

how was the threat of protestantism limited?

Answer 6

limited in size and it was very regional

Question 7

how many Protestants were there in spain by 1558?

Answer 7

105 - 66 foreign and 39 native

Question 8

in what decade what the protestant threat the highest?

Answer 8

1550s

Question 9

where were protestant sects discovered?

Answer 9

seville and Valladolid

Question 10

in what year were the seville protestants found?

Answer 10

1557 - small sects around 130 protestants found in seville

Question 11

how was the seville threat dealt with?

Answer 11

ringleader Constantino de la Fuente arrested by IQ in 1558 and died in cells in 1560

Question 12

in what year were the Valladolid protestants found?

Answer 12

• 1558
• April 1558, whole Cazalla filmy arrested
• led by Italian, Carlos de Sesso

Question 13

did islam pose a serious threat?

Answer 13

no

Question 14

was the islamic threat regional?

Answer 14

yes. only an issue in south and aragon

Question 15

in what years was islam a serious threat?

Answer 15

1525-26

Question 16

how did Charles initially attack muslims?

Answer 16

• attmepd to restrict their traditional customs and traditions
• banned use of arabic, dancing of zambra, weaving fo traditional moorish dress

Question 17

what did Charles make moors in Aragon do in 1525?

Answer 17

convert

Question 18

what started in Granada in 1526? what did it lead to?

Answer 18

• started IQ in granada
• lead to a minor, brief rising
• temporally and spatially constrained

Question 19

how did Charles change his policies towards Muslims?

Answer 19

accepted bribes for inaction against them

Question 20

what did Charles do w/ moors in Granada?

Answer 20

• received payment of 90,000 ducats across 6yrs

- in return local IQ exercised minimal vigilance over them

Question 21

what did Charles do w/ moors in Valencia?

Answer 21

• moriscos gained 40yr period of grace from IQ prosecution in 1525
• return for payment of 40,000 ducats to crown

Question 22

why was Charles’ policy towards muslims good?

Answer 22

neutralised any possible threat

Question 23

how were religious reformers perceived?

Answer 23

often perceived as threats to Spanish church, but in reality they were not

Question 24

how did the paranoid attitude of the church affect Catholicism?

Answer 24

-paranoid attitude of church, attaching any perceived dissent, deprived it of potentially beneficial reformers

Question 25

were reformers a serious threat?

Answer 25

not a serious threat, but by persecuting reformers they damaged their own ability

Question 26

how was the level of religion in Toledo?

Answer 26

before 1555, in Toledo, less than 40% could recite their players

Question 27

name some religious reformers who were persecuted?

Answer 27

ignatius loyola, Erasmus and juan de avila

Question 28

who were the illuminists?

Answer 28

a small elite group, made up aristocracy, of spiritual devotees

Question 29

were the illuminists ever a threat to catholicism?

Answer 29

No. did not oppose its teachings or authority

Question 30

who were erasmians?

Answer 30

trying to reform catholicism and were simply liberal Catholics

Question 31

how were erasmians perceived?

Answer 31

• perceived as Protestantism consequently their leaders were persecuted
• June 1553, Juan de Vergara arrested by IQ
• due to fact Charles had left spain in 1529

Question 32

what were jesuits trying to do?

Answer 32

improve standard of Catholicism but were persecuted by IQ

Question 33

were jews a threat?

Answer 33

threat remained, but only a minor threat

Question 34

between 1516-29, what % of persecutions of conversos by IQ?

Answer 34

77%

Question 35

how did the persecution of conversos change by the end of the reign?

Answer 35

2%

Question 36

why was it impossible for jews to pose a threat?

Answer 36

there were very few in Spain