Religion Flashcards
Everson v Bd. of Education
INCORPORATION CASE
The Establishment Clause of the First Amendment is incorporated against the states.
Cantwell v. Connecticut
The Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment is incorporated against the states by the Fourteenth Amendment.
Engel v. Vitale
Government-directed prayer in public schools violates the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment, even if the prayer is denominationally neutral and students may remain silent or be excused from the classroom during its recitation.
Abington School District v. Schempp
Sanctioned and organized Bible reading in public schools in the United States is unconstitutional.
Santa Fe ISD v. Doe
The policy of the school district “permitting student-led, student-initiated prayer at [public high school] football games violates the Establishment Clause.”
Lee v. Weisman
Including a clergy-led prayer within the events of a public high school graduation violates the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.
Lemon Test
- The statute must have a secular legislative purpose.
- Its principal or primary effect must be one that neither advances nor inhibits religion.
- The statute must not foster an excessive government entanglement with religion.
Wisconsin v. Yoder
The Wisconsin Compulsory School Attendance Law violated the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment because required attendance past the eighth grade interfered with the right of Amish parents to direct the religious upbringing of their children.
Zelman v. Simmons-Harris
A school voucher program, which offers parents the option to send their children to a private school, is not in violation of the Establishment Clause, where the vast majority of participating private schools are affiliated to a religious group.
Van Orden v. Perry
A Ten Commandments monument erected on the grounds of the Texas State Capitol did not violate the Establishment Clause, because the monument, when considered in context, conveyed a historic and social meaning rather than an intrusive religious endorsement.
McCreary County v. ACLU
Displaying the Ten Commandments bespeaks a religious object unless they are integrated with a secular message. The government violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment in three ways: The first way was that they were displaying the Ten Commandments in isolation; the second for showing the Commandments along with other religious passages; the third for presenting the Commandments in a presentation of the “Foundations of American Law” exhibit.
Town of Greece, NY v. Galloway
The town of Greece does not violate the First Amendment’s Establishment Clause by opening its meetings with sectarian prayer that comports with America’s tradition and doesn’t coerce participation by non adherents.
Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores
The Court held that the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA) of 1993 permits for-profit corporations that are closely held to refuse, on religious grounds, to pay for legally mandated coverage of certain contraceptive drugs and devices in their employees’ health insurance plans.
