Religion Flashcards
1
Q
Reformers of the Church
A
John of Avila:
- Popular preacher
- Helped the Poor and Promoted religious education among the Laity.
- Arrested by Inquisition 1531, released 1533.
Ignatius Loyola:
- Hermit, spent time in prayer.
- Looked after sick and poor.
- Questioned by inquisition for suspected Illuminist Ideas.
- Fled to Paris and founded Society of Jesus.
Teresa of Jesus:
- Spanish Mystic.
- Emphasised Meditation and Prayer.
- Reformed Carmelite Order.
2
Q
Work of Cardinal Francisco Ximénez De Cisneros
A
- Work started in I&F reign.
- Cisneros founded University of Alcalá, opened in 1508 for training of Clergy.
- Became important centre of learning in Charles’ reign.
- Printing press set up and produced a number of religious texts.
- Polygot Bible produced in 1522 (Bible with various language versions side by side).
- Improvements in intellectual standards of Bishops and Clergy meant they could take important roles in councils of the Church.
3
Q
Suppression of Heretics
A
Little success in defending Catholicism from Protestantism in HRE, wanted to suppress these Heretical views in Spain.
2 groups associated with Heretical Protestant views: Illuminists and Erasmists.
Illuminists:
- Believed they had direct contact with God.
- Believed good works were useless.
- Easily dealt with by Inquisition, persecuted any members of the group.
Erasmists:
- Followers of Desiderius Erasmus.
- Promoted idea of reformed church: through learning, private prayer and meditation.
- Gained many influential supporters, ideas welcomed in Spain.
Charles wanted to eradicate anything not Catholic and had Inquisition persecute supporters of Erasmus.
4
Q
Policy Towards Moriscos
A
-By 1502, all Mudéjars had either become christians or left.
In Aragon, many had been forcibly converted during the Germania Revolt.
- In 1525, those not yet converted were given same choice to either convert or leave.
- In 1526 attempts were made to completely remove Moorish civilisation in Granada, the use of Arabic, wearing Moorish dress and the performance of the traditional dance (Zambra).
- Attempts to get local Clergy to improve Christian education of the Moriscos.
- Charles suspended these policies in return for a large subsidy paid by the Moriscos in Granada.
5
Q
Relations with Pope
A
- Relations with the Pope were poor throughout Charles’ reign.
- Pope feared Charles or French becoming too powerful in Italy. Allied with both when the opposing side got too powerful.
- Relations particularly bad when Charles’ troops sacked Rome in 1527.
- Also conflict over reform of Catholic Church. Charles wanted General Council of the Church to be held to introduce reforms. However, he was unable to persuade the Pope to hold a council. First meeting wasn’t until 1545.