religion 2

Question 1

intrinsic evil

Answer 1

something that no circumstance can make right, it is always morally wrong. Says that some things are always wrong. An example would be the direct attack on innocent human life is always morally wrong. (direct, innocent, and morally)

Question 2

Fideism

Answer 2

means blind faith, which means believing something simply because someone tells you. Bleeding without having reasons to bleed, Catholic tradition very strongly rejects that. If we bleed something, we should have reasons to bleed.

God gives you enough evidence for god existence but not so much to take away our free will. Because god wants us to serve him freely. God does not force us to serve him. He wants us to freely love god

Question 3

Conscience: why is conscience important?

Answer 3

Because I am morally obliged to follow my conscience, I must always seek to follow my conscience. The inner core of myself saying what I must and must not do. The conscience religious part is where god speaks to me telling me what I must do here and now.

Question 4

Superego

Answer 4

is something like a consciousness, but it is incorrect to call it a consciousness. The main concern of the ego is reward or punishment. formed around the age of 5 as a result of the oedipal conflict, basically balances the desires of the ID(desire for pleasure). The concern is basically reward and punishment. A superego never matures. A superego remains fixed and rigid

Question 5

obligation to follow conscience:

Answer 5

is basically two things, my innate ability to know right and wrong. In other words, i have a built-in ability to know right or wrong. Practical judgment on doing or not doing something. You need to obey the conscience but that does not mean doing what I feel like. You can’t really get it to say what you want it to say, your conscience is not really coming from you.
We can have an erroneous conscience, in other words, our conscience can be mistaken. A conscience matures.

Question 6

principle of double effect

Answer 6

comes into play when I make a decision where it morally has a good and bad result. A common example is a woman who has uterus cancer, and she is pregnant. The catholic church would say that you can’t directly want to kill the child but, I can attack directly the pathology(the illness). When I have to make a decision that has morally right or bad, I have to be intending the good result, The means I must be using must be good.

Question 7

principle of cooperation

Answer 7

It means helping or assisting people in doing something evil. There are two kinds of cooperation. There is material cooperation and formal cooperation.

Question 8

Material cooperation

Answer 8

means my assistance is on the surface. Material ex: (Mike robs a man in Rome he is running out with the money and Ahmed is driving the taxi, and Mike puts a gun to his head and tells him to drive. He’s helping the escape but not willingly.

Question 9

formal

Answer 9

means I intend to help the person do evil

Question 10

principle of totality:

Answer 10

That I can harm a part of my body to save my life. For example, I can have something surgically removed to save my life.

Question 11

illness vs spiritual:

Answer 11

Spirituality everyone has one, which means the way you relate to transcendent( means the way I relate to whatever I believe is the highest truth). Spirituality means what do i belive in about.

Illness is spiritual, meaning that illness affects the whole person both physically and spiritually. OUR whole soul raises questions about meaning and value, such as do I have any hope?

Difficulty there are a few barriers because the medical people haven’t dealt with their own issues. SO medical people often feel frustrated

Question 12

Peter Singer

Answer 12

Is a professor of philosophy at Princeton University. Was an extremely well-known scholar at Princeton, and his statement is that a healthy puppy has more right to live than a deformed child. This means we don’t have room in society for someone that isn’t perfect.

Question 13

definition of a person:

Answer 13

is a metaphysical subject of a particular nature. The person is the eye that is in you. You can’t see the eye. The three realities that can say eye is me, angels, and gods.
There are three ways to look at persons from a social point of view. Two of which Christianity rejects.

Question 14

collectivism vs individualism:

Answer 14

collectivism, which means you have no particular worth as an individual. Your only value is how you serve the group that is communism.
individualism says and I don’t give a crap about anyone else. It’s not concerned about anyone else, it only matters about me.

Question 15

common good

Answer 15

means that it’s a realization that my actions affect others besides myself. that yes, I respect the individual. The rights of individuals need to be respected, and recognizing my actions and choices affects other people.

Question 16

Maslow:

Answer 16

described that the human person is something that keeps seeking to meet needs. Humans are constantly striving to meet the needs inside of us. And there are five levels of needs. They cannot meet a higher-level need if they are focused on a lower-level need

1.Self actualize
2. Esteem
3. Belong
4. Saftey
5. Food, Shelter, and Clothing (the most basic need)

Question 17

St. Thomas Aquinas and 4 needs:

Answer 17

is the greatest thinker in the catholic tradition who lived in the high middle ages of the 12 century. He said that we can know natural law by recta ratio, which means by right thinking ( meaning logical thinking). We figure it out by being teleological. Thomas got many of his ideas from Aristotle.
says human beings are always trying to be more needed.
-He says the first basic need is to preserve life and health. Because it is such a fundamental drive.He says Anything that directly attacks life is evil.
-The 2d basic need is to propriate: to mary, to establish a family, to have children.
- The 3rd need is is to live in a society we depend on one another.
- the 4th A need for truth. Because truth is beyond our ability to fully grasp

Question 18

Oaths:

Answer 18

is public, and normally when you take an oath, you are asking god to witness to the truth of what you are saying it’s a public promise.

Question 19

Promises:

Answer 19

A promise is usually private between you and another just a couple of people. May be very serious and binding

Question 20

Vows:

Answer 20

is a direct promise made to god to do something fully.

Question 21

why take oaths:

Answer 21

Publicly promising to fulfill the obligations you are holding on to, and people can hold you responsible.

Question 22

Hippocratic oath-

Answer 22

is the one take by medical students

Question 23

Nightingale Pledge:

Answer 23

pledge- taken by nursing students

Question 24

3 professions:

Answer 24

medicine, law, and clergy. Has to be a direct service to people, but also, you make some kind of oath or public promise. You publicly say uphold the law.

Question 25

what makes something a profession:

Answer 25

this profession involves a lot of training

Question 26

intrinsic vs attributed dignity:

Answer 26

*The word dignity is really raises the question of where my value as a person comes from. It’s saying to medical people what does it means to treat your patients with dignity.

-he makes a distinction between intrinsic and attributed.

Attributed dignity- means I have value or worth because of my position/where I work. We treat people according to their position/title.

Intrinsic dignity- that my value has nothing to do with my function. Even if I am a homeless person I have value and worth simply by being a human person.

Question 27

spirituality vs religion:

Answer 27

Everybody has a spirituality, but whatever spirituality you have always impacts how you make decisions. One’s spirituality may be defined simply as the characteristics and qualities of one’s relationship with the transcendent. It includes attitudes, habits, and practices in relation to the idea of the transcendent
Religion- is a set of beliefs

Question 28

definition of love-

Answer 28

Because we need to give away the gift of self because the only way we can be truly fulfilled as human beings is by giving the gift of self. This is true because the only way we become fulfilled is by letting go and giving the gift of self.

Question 29

the 3 need loves:

Answer 29

Eros, philia, and Storge. They are called need love because you get something from it. Some need in us that gets fulfilled.

Eros - means sexual love.
Philia- love between friends
Storge- love between family members or people like family

Question 30

gift love:

Answer 30

Agape- This is called gift love. Because, at least directly, I don’t get something. When I love my enemies, I don’t necessarily feel like I am getting anything. One of the commands is to love your enemies.

Gift love- It means to seek the true good of the other person, for ex. You are a nurse and start dealing with a patient that is treating you like garbage. To love that patient doesn’t mean that you are enjoying that person. But this means I will still do good for that person and will try to do my best to help the person even if they’re not a nice person.

Question 31

Freedom:

Answer 31

is important to make an ethical issue. Immature people confuse freedom with license. Means to become what they authentically want to be. The ability to actually become and push through the laziness to become what i want.

Ex. you can’t become a soccer player without practice. Requires effort

Question 32

License:

Answer 32

means doing what i feel like. Just hanging out . ex: sleeping, eating poorly, not studying.

Question 33

personalized sexuality:

Answer 33

to be blunt, is a gift; however, sexuality is a gift that can be used. Ex in a hookup culture, people are just simply seen as the relationship is just genital to genital.

Question 34

two kinds of suffering:

Answer 34

Useless suffering means- suffering that I can do something about but I don’t. (ex I have a toothache, should go to the dentist, but I don’t)

Redemptive suffering- Is suffering I can’t get out of

Question 35

Metaphysics:

Answer 35

studies something called being. Human beings instinctively know the essence of something. A dog can not look and see trinus , they can connect with individuals but can not identify trinus. We are rational and physical beings but capable of abstract thinking

Question 36

What do I need to know when I’m deciding the morality of a particular action? :

Answer 36

The Act, The intention, and the situation of the circumstance

Question 37

Hinduism and Buddhism-

Answer 37

a person is not really real. Both view a person as having nothing permanent.

Question 38

Cast system-

Answer 38

In Hinduism says you keep coming back when you die, and you come back according to how you lived your previous life. Until you eventually work it out and go back to being god.

Question 39

Materialism-

Answer 39

says the only thing that is real is the physical world. There is no spiritual world. There is no god, no heaven, no souls. That we are body and soul togethe

Question 40

Why would I argue that we are not just physical?

Answer 40

because human beings know things that are not physical, Like arithmetic, and math is truly a spiritual activity