Religion Flashcards
How much land did the Catholic Church own?
~⅓ of the land and was incredibly wealthy
How many ordained clergy and monks/nuns dod the Catholic Church have?
•~35 000 ordained clergy
•~10 000 monks/nuns
Who decided on all matter religious and political?
The Pope in Rome
Who are Parish Priests?
Ministered to each congregation, have special rights
Who are Bishops?
Regional leader of the church
Who are Archbishops?
Senior churchmen in each country
Who are Cardinals?
Senior churchmen, elected Popes
What are Open Monastic orders?
•Worked within society
What are Enclosed Monastic orders?
•Limited contact with community
•Devoted lives to worship and contemplation
Who was access to the Bible limited to?
Priests and others who could read it (not many people as most people iliterate or don’t know Latin)
What are the seven essential sacrements to the Catholic Church?
•The eacharist (commemeration of the Last Supper)
•Baptism
•Holy Orders (granting status of priest)
•Confirmation (recipient confirming the acceptance of God’s spirit)
•Marriage
•Confession and penance
•Unction (annoiting of the sick)
How many of England’s churches were built or rebuilt during the 15th century?
~⅔
How were some clergy corrupt?
•Would be absent but still claim stipend (payment)
•Pluralists (claimed stipend from multiple parishes)
•Some immoral - had mistresses
•Some were ignorant and could not recite Lord’s prayer
How did Bishops and Abbots have a political role?
They sat in the House of Lords
Why were churchmen’s skills as administrators valued?
They were often the best educated, most literate people
In the early tudor period, government advisers and ministers were often members of….
The clergy
Why was Henry keen to work with the church?
It could be used as a powerful ally if his claim to the throne was threatened or challenged
In the 15th and 16th centuries, what spread from Italy to England?
The Renaissance
What happened as a result of increased learning?
Over 100 endowed schools were at up in England in 15th century
What ideology began to grow, especially within education?
Humanism
Did Henry encourage the Renaissance?
•He encouraged writers, poets, musicians and artists
•His own children received an educated that included foreign languages, classics, music, religion, dancing, hunting
Why did Humanists get involved in the religious debate?
They were disturbed by the poor quality of the parish clergy and wanted to improve standards of education among both the clergy and the laity
What were Humanists attacking about the church’s exploitation of practices?
•The veneration (great respect) of saints
•Selling of indulgencies in order to raise money
Why were Humanists attacking the Church’s exploitation of practices?
They were concerned that it would lead souls away from God and that the raised money was being spent on luxurious living for the higher clergy rather than education or charity
