Religion Flashcards
Match the Religious Leader, Sacred Text, and Description to the Religion
Leader: Muhammad (Prophet)
Sacred Text: The Quran
Description: A monotheistic religion articulated by the Quran, considered to be the word of God as revealed to Muhammad. The Five Pillars outline the core practices and beliefs. Major branches include Sunni and Shia.
Islam
Leader: Jesus Christ
Sacred Text: The Bible (Old Testament and New Testament)
Description: Based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. Believe in one God and the salvation of humanity through the death and resurrection of Jesus. Major branches include Roman Catholicism, Protestantism, and Eastern Orthodoxy.
Christianity
Leader: No single founder; various gods and spiritual leaders
Sacred Text: Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, Ramayana, Mahabharata
Description: A diverse and ancient religion originating in India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation, karma, and a pantheon of gods and goddesses. It emphasizes dharma (duty/ethics) and moksha (liberation from the cycle of rebirth).
Hinduism
Leader: Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha)
Sacred Text: Tripitaka (Pali Canon), Mahayana Sutras, Tibetan Book of the Dead
Description: Based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, focusing on the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path as a way to end suffering and achieve enlightenment (nirvana). Major branches include Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana.
Buddhism
Leader: Abraham (Patriarch), Moses (Lawgiver)
Sacred Text: Torah (Hebrew Bible), Talmud
Description: One of the oldest monotheistic religions, with a belief in one God and a covenantal relationship with the people of this religion. It emphasizes the laws and teachings given to Moses and the prophets. Major branches include Orthodox, Conservative, and Reform.
Judaism
Leader: Guru Nanak and the Ten Gurus
Sacred Text: Guru Granth Sahib
Description: Founded in the Punjab region of India by Guru Nanak and developed through ten successive Gurus. It emphasizes devotion to one God, equality, service to humanity, and truthful living.
Sikhism
Leader: Mahavira (24th Tirthankara)
Sacred Text: Agamas
Description: An ancient Indian religion emphasizing non-violence (ahimsa), truth, and asceticism. Believe in the cycle of reincarnation and seek liberation through ethical living and self-discipline.
Jainism
Leader: Bahá’u’lláh
Sacred Text: Kitáb-i-Aqdas, Kitáb-i-Íqán
Description: Teaches the unity of all religious philosophies and the importance of universal peace and justice. Followers believe Bahá’u’lláh is the latest in a line of prophets that includes Jesus, Muhammad, and Buddha.
Bahá’í Faith
Leader: Confucius (Kong Fuzi)
Sacred Text: The Analects, Five Classics
Description: A philosophical and ethical system based on the teachings of Confucius, emphasizing morality, family loyalty, and respect for tradition and authority.
Confucianism
Leader: Laozi (Lao-Tzu)
Sacred Text: Tao Te Ching, Zhuangzi
Description: A Chinese philosophy and religion emphasizing living in harmony with the Tao (the Way), which is the fundamental nature of the universe. It promotes simplicity, humility, and compassion.
Taoism (Daoism)
Leader: No single founder; various kami (spirits)
Sacred Text: Kojiki, Nihon Shoki
Description: The traditional religion of Japan, focusing on ritual practices and honoring kami, which are spirits associated with natural elements, ancestors, and historical figures.
Shinto
Leader: Zoroaster (Zarathustra)
Sacred Text: Avesta
Description: One of the world’s oldest monotheistic religions, founded in ancient Persia. It emphasizes the duality of good and evil and the individual’s role in promoting good through thoughts, words, and deeds.
Zoroastrianism
