Religion Flashcards
Catholic beliefs?
- Pope head of church
- Bible and church services in latin
- Priests can’t marry
- Highly decorated church
- Bread and wine transform into body and blood of Jesus
- Priests are link to god
Protestant belief?
- Monarch head of church
- Bible and church service in English
- Priests can marry
- Plain churches
- Bread and wine REPRESENT body and blood of Jesus
- Ordinary people connect to God through prayer
Both beliefs of religions?
- God made the world
- Jesus is son of god
- People who challenge this faith must be punished
How did Elizabeth have a middle way?
Allowed priests to marry
Services were all in English and Protestant
- She was governor of church, not head of church
- Catholics can worship in private
- A moderate protestant, not puritan was made Archbishop of Canterbury
What were the challenges to Elizabeth’s religious settlement?
- Northern rebellion 1569
- Papal bull 1570
- Ridolfi plot 1571
What happened in the northern rebellion?
- Elizabeth refuses to marry off Duke of Norfolk to Queen of scots
- Duke of Northumberland and Westmorland lead a rebellion
- Capture a cathedral and hold an illegal catholic mass
- March south with 4600 men, but disband when the Earl of Sussex raised an army against them.
- Northmuberland executed
- Westmorland escape
- Norfolk imprisoned
What happened with the papal bull?
- Elizabeth excommunicated
- If people killed her, the person who killed her can go to heaven.
What happened with the Ridolfi Plot
- Led by italian Ridolfi, involved Norfolk
- Was going to have an invasion of foreign Catholics from Netherlands and murder Elizabeth
- Mary placed on throne and marry Norfolk
- Discovered before carried out.
Change in policies after catholic threats in 1580s?
1571: Recusancy fines for people who didn’t take part in Protestant services. Rich could afford to pay and she didn’t want to increase fines. Couldn’t own catholic items
1581: Fines increased to £20, highly enforced, treason to convert to Catholicism
1585: any catholic priest ordained after 1559 was a traitor and anyone protecting him faced death
1593: Catholics couldn’t travel further than 5 miles away from home without permission
Who were puritans?
- Strict protestants who were influenced by strict protests such as John Calvin
- lived in exile during mary’s rule
- Wanted to remove all catholic elements of the church
Why did Puritans develop to become a problem?
- Some strong puritans had meetings called prophesyings to disscuss the Bible. They criticised the queen and her religious policies in this meeting too
- The Archbishop encouraged these prophesyings, so he was suspended by Elizabeth
- Some puritans like John Field were banned from preaching
- A new separatist church was founded in 1593 and the leaders were hanged.
Who were the powerful puritans?
- Walsingham: kept views to himself
- Dudley: doesn’t put himself at risk by challenging the church
Elizabeth’s response to puritanism
- Got a new archbishop called Whitgift
- He banned unlicensed preaching
- Created a body which had the power to fine and imprison Puritans who didn’t follow rules
- Dismissed many clergymen
- Punished printers producing Puritan messages
