Reliability and Validity

Question 1

What are some sources of measurement error?

Answer 1

unobserved time-invariant influences, unobserved time variant influences, idiosyncratic error, unstable instrumentation

Question 2

What steps can be taken to improve reliability?

Answer 2

Ask only questions for which the respondents are likely to know the answer; ask about relevant topics; make sure questions are clear; use established measures.

Question 3

What are 3 errors in measurement validity?

Answer 3

Idiosyncratic errors (not understanding a question, had a bad day), generic individual errors (social desirability, bias), method factors (presence of IDK, even/ odd number of response items on survey).