Relgion Conflict And dissent 1625-88 Flashcards
Confessional state
A state where a single type of religious practice is enforced
Book of common prayer
The English prayer book first introduce in 1549, modified by James I in 1640. Contained the instructions and details of structured church services
Puritains belief on faith and salvation
Salvation by faith to those are predestined and shown by a willingness to accept discipline and a godly life
Puritains belief on the role of the church
To guide and and teach according to the bible and use discipline to support the holy and control the sinners
Puritains belief on preaching and ritual
Preaching is the primary function of the clergy, supported by bible study, private prayer and reading, rituals are a superstitious distraction
Puritains belief on the role of bishops
Bishops have no special power, the true leader of the congregation is the minister chosen by the, a national chruch should be led by a committee of ministers
Puritains attitude on authority
Those in authority should be obeyed unless they threaten God’s will and true religion
Puritains attitude to the Catholic Church
The Catholic Church is evil and seeking to corrupt true faith. The pope is the servent of the devil
Anglicans belief about faith and salvation
Salvation by faith alone
Anglican belief about the role of the church
Should guide through authority of the church based on te bible
Anglican belief about preaching and ritual
Preaching and providing some rituals is the function of the clergy, rituals can support some aspects of faith
Anglican belief about the role of bishops
Bishops have authority to govern in the name of the monarch
Anglicans attitude to authority
Obedience is due to higher authority expect on matters that are essential to salvation
Anglicans attitudes to the catholic chruch
It is a threat to true faith, some issues are not essential
Arminian beliefs on salvation
Open to all who seek ii through a true church, God offers it to all, mankind is free to accept or reject
Arminian belief about the role of the church
The chruch guides through a priesthood given a special status and symbolised by robes and ceremonies
Arminian belief about preaching and ritual
Rituals and ceremonies create reverence and can bring the ignorant to God, beauty within itself an act of reverence, preaching is useful but so are prayers and rituals
Arminian belief about the role of bishops
Bishops have special authority passed down from christ himself
Arminian attitude to authority
Obedience to authority in church and state should be complete if you cannot obey in conscience you must surrender to punishment
Arminian attitude
Catholic Church is the early church misled by error, it is like a sister church like those set up by Luther and Calvin, should all be treated in the same way
Roman Catholic belief about faith and salvation
Salvation is open to all through the catholic chruch
Roman Catholic belief about the role of the church
It’s sacraments provide a path to God only the priesthood can conduct rituals that count for salvation
Roman Catholic belief about preaching and ritual
Ritual is part of worship and brings people together before God, only the priesthood can conduct rituals that count for salvation
Roman Catholic belief about the role of bishops
Bishops have special authority passed down from christ through the papacy
Roman Catholic attitude to authority
The authority of pope is from God he is therefore infaillible and obedience is essential
16889
England was no longer a confessional state because toleration had been granted to most Christian groups
What did arminians argue about the catholic chruch
The church was misguided rather than evil
What did charles I issue in 1625
A proclamation that forbade public discussion of sensitive religious doctrine
When was laud appoint as Archbishop of Canterbury
1633
What did Laud want to focus on
- Decoration of churches and the conformity of the clergy in order to create order
- decency and respect for God within the Church
- Organs were installed
- fonts were decorated
Communion table moved from centre to east side (Catholicism)
Root and Branch petition 1640
Signed by 15,000 Londoners demanding the removal of the root of all problems in the church, the rule of bishops and Armenian and catholic ideas.
Rejection of Arminianism in the long parliament 1640-43
The opposition to charles within parliament was able to launch an attack on bishops and pushback on Arminian influence. Prerogative courts abolished which had been used to control the church and ability of individuals to discuss it
Radicalism and reaction during the civil war
Parliament passed resolution committing itself to a form of Presbyterian church, a new disciplined national church.
But new model army became ideal breeding grounds for radical ideas, men developed a sense of identity and loyalty to their comrades- easily organise and convert people. Parliament attempted to disband the army in 1647, backfired and army become more politicalised
The rump and the radicals
Emergence of radical ideas provoked a conservative reaction (intense and widespread) in parliament, rump passed the blasphemy act. Most groups were short lived and subject to internal conflict and died out due their leaders being imprisoned
The quakers 1650-52
We’re able to spread rapidly in the north, its leader George Fox sent out further preachers to converts other in 1654.
The protectorate
Cromwell took power after the dissolution of the rump/failed nominated assembly, protectorate was focused on reformation of manners ensuring that people adhered it the word of God and lived morally lives.
What happened to Quaker James Naylor
He was subject to persecution when he tried to reenact Jesus’ entry to Jerusalem, Cromwell tried to protect him from being executed by those in parliament but h was tongue and imprisoned
Restoration of the church
The convention Parliament of 1660 restablished the Church of England and restored episcopacy some mps hopeful that a broad and flexible church could be created but the atmosphere if 1660-1 prevented this.
Why was there a less of a chance for the creation of a broad and flexible church
- fifth monarchist uprising in London which re-invited old fear of religious radicals and produced a conservative parliament that were determined to re establish strict uniformity
- act of uniformity 1662 which made all ministers use the anglican book of common prayer
Dominance of Anglicanism
Parliament further pursed Anglican control through the Clarendon codes, included act of uniformity, corporation act, conventicle act, 5 mile act, test ac t
Corporation act
Required all ministers who help musical office to receive communion in the anglican chruch
Conventicle act
Forbade those from attending religious services and meetings outside the anglican chruch
5 mile act
Prohibited non conformist ministers from coming within a 5 mile of parish they had been removed from
Test act
Passed to increase the requirement for conformity and it led to the future James II resigning as Lord high admiral
what happened when James tried to pass a second deceleration of indulgence
It sparked the 7 bishop trial who were firm supported of Anglicanism
Why did dissenters survie years of persecution
- commitment
- level of support given by sympathisers
- number of mistakes made by their enemies
