Relative Risk Flashcards
1
Q
Risk =
A
Magnitude * Probability
Doesn’t consider benefit which can also make risk worthwhile
2
Q
Bounded Rationality
A
- Rationality is limited when humans make decisions
- Due to tractability of the decision problem, cognitive limitations, and time
3
Q
Is there a federal or independent entity solely devoted to medication safety/ADEs?
A
No
4
Q
Rule of Typical Things
A
- Something “typical” triggers intuition
- Tend to be followed even when not logical
- More easy it is to recall that something happened, the more “likely” that event is
5
Q
Risk Perception Research
A
- We overestimate being killed by catastrophic events
- Underestimate dying from events that are much more likely (diabetes, heart disease, etc.)
6
Q
Group Polarization
A
Tendency of like-minded individuals usually come to conclusions more extreme than average individuals
7
Q
Confirmation Bias
A
- Once we form an opinion, we embrace the information that supports that view
- Reject info that doesn’t support it
- Brains seek to confirm established beliefs
8
Q
RR Perceptions
A
- Tend to be viewed more negatively than absolute risk
- 2x more like than X (RR) sounds worse than 2/10,000 (AR)
9
Q
Narrative Effect
A
- If story can become part of a larger, ongoing narrative, it will be strengthened by the larger story line
- More likely to be covered
10
Q
Possible Risk Explanation Approaches
A
- Communicating all risk information as AR
- Requiring therapeutic index information on all drug products (need to explain TI too now)
- Tailoring counseling to the risk of the product
- Identify patients at greatest risks and increase their intervention, monitoring, communication, and follow-up
11
Q
Narrow TI
A
- Minimal changes in [systemic] creates marked differences in effects
- Significant overlap in [toxic] and [therapeutic]
