✅Relationship Between Impulse And Momentum Flashcards
What is an impulse?
Impulse is the time it takes to force to be applied to an object or body.
How can impulse be calculated?
Impulse = force x time
What is impulse measured in?
Newton seconds
What does an increase in impulse do?
It will result in an increase in the rate of change of momentum, which causes a large change in velocity.
What’s an example of an increase in impulse?
In tennis a player follows through with the racket to increase the amount of time the racket is in contact with the tennis ball.
This increases the outgoing momentum of the ball which causes the ball to travel faster.
What can impulse be used for?
To add speed to a body or object, or slow them down on impact.
How can you use impulse to increase momentum?
Can be achieved through increasing the amount of muscular force that is applied.
Also achieved through increasing the amount of time in which a force is applied.
What’s an example of increasing the amount of muscular force that is applied?
In basketball, a large force is generated when jumping for a rebound in order to get as much height as quickly as possible to catch the ball.
What’s an example of the amount of time in which a force is applied?
In the hammer throw, three to four turns are used as opposed to just a single swing.
How can you use impulse to decrease momentum?
Occurs by increasing the time forces act upon them.
What’s an example of decreasing momentum increasing the time forces act upon them?
In any activity that involves a landing action such as a gymnast dismounting from the parallel bars, flexion at the hip, knee and ankle occurs, which extends the time of the force on the ground (how long the feet are in contact with the mat) and therefore allows the gymnast to control the landing and also reduce chance of injury.
At the end of an indoor 60m sprint, the athletes have to stop quickly because the confines of the stadium mean there is not much track left. To do this, they push their feet hard into the ground to increase the contact time of the foot with the ground so they can decelerate quickly.
How are impulses represented?
By an area under a force-time graph.
What is the net impulse?
A combination of positive and negative impulses.
What impulses occur during a 100m sprint?
Negative impulse occurs first when the foot lands to provide a braking action.
Then positive impulses occurs next as the foot takes off for acceleration.
What’s a single footfall?
The action of the foot in contact with the ground is referred to as a single footfall.
