Regulations and Publications Flashcards
What is HATh, and what type of minimums is it used in conjunction with?
Height above Threshold is the height of the DH or MDA above the runway Threshold Elevation, used in conjunction with straight in minimums.
What is HAL, and what type of approach is it used for?
Height above Landing is the height above a designated helicopter landing area used for helicopter instrument approach procedures.
What is the Touchdown Zone?
The first 3,000’ of the usable landing surface, and used to determine the TDZE (Touchdown Zone Elevation).
What is HAT, and what type of minimums is it used in conjunction with?
Height Above Touchdown is the height of the DH or MDA above the highest elevation in the Touchdown Zone, used in conjunction with straight-in minimums.
What is HAA, and what type of minimums is it used in conjunction with?
Height Above Airport is the height of the MDA above the published Airport Elevation, used in conjunction with circling minimums.
What is a DA/DH, and what type of approach is it used on?
Decision Altitude/Decision Height is a specified altitude or height at which a decision must be made to either continue the approach or execute a missed approach used in conjunction with a precision approach. DA is referenced to MSL and DH is referenced to Threshold Elevation.
What is an MDA, and what type of approach is it used on?
Minimum Descent Altitude is the MSL altitude to which descent is authorized on final approach, or during a circle-to-land maneuver, used in conjunction with a non-precision approach.
What does a sideways “T” on a route indicate?
MEA, MOCA, and/or MAA change at other than a NAVAID.
What is a mileage breakdown point, and how is it identified?
A mileage breakdown point is a point on a route where the leg segment mileage ends, and a new leg segment mileage begins, often at a route turning point, It is indicated by an “x” on the route.
What is a changeover point?
A changeover point indicates the point on an airway where you should change over to the next navigational frequency.
What is an OROCA?
Off Route Obstruction Clearance Altitude - An off-route altitude which provides obstruction clearance within eac bounded lat/long quadrant as shown on IFR charts. It may not provide NAVAID signal coverage.
What is an MVA?
Minimum Vectoring Altitude - The lowest MSL altitude at which IFR aircraft can be radar vectored. It meets obstacle clearance requirements, but is not published on charts. It is only available to controllers.
What is an MAA?
Maximum Authorized Altitude - The maximum usable altitude for an airspace structure or route segment. On a route segment it is the highest altitude that assures navigation aid signals.
What is an MRA, and how is it identified?
Minimum Reception Altitude - The lowest altitude at which an intersection can be determined. It is identified by a “flag” with an “R” in it.
What is an MCA, and how is it identified?
Minimum Crossing Altitude - The lowest altitude at certain fixes at which an aircraft must cross when proceeding in the direction of a higher MEA. It is identified by a “flag” with an “X” in it.
What is a MOCA, and what does it ensure?
Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitude - The lowest altitude between radio fixes which meets obstacle clearance requirements for the entire route segment and which assures acceptable navigational coverage only within 22 NM of a VOR.
What is an MEA, and what does it ensure?
Minimum Enroute IFR Altitude - The lowest altitude between radio fixes which assures acceptable navigational signal coverage and meets obstacle clearance requirements between those fixes.
What is an MIA?
Minimum IFR Altitude - The minimum altitude for IFR operations. If no minimum altitude is prescribed, the minimum altitude is 1,000’ AHO (non-mountainous) or 2,000’ AHO (mountainous) within 4 NM of the course to be flown.
On an approach plate, what is an MSA and what does it provide?
Minimum Safe Altitude - It is for emergency use and provides at least 1,000’ of obstacle clearance within a 25 NM radius of the fix that the procedure is predicated upon. It is either a Minimum Sector Altitude or Emergency Safe Altitude.
An Emergency Safe Altitude provides obstacle clearance of 1,000’ in non-mountainous terrain and 2,000’ in mountainous terrain within 100 NM of the fix. It is generally only used in military procedures.
On a VFR sectional, what does a star on top of the airfield symbol (depiction of the runways) mean?
There is a rotating airport beacon in operation from sunset to sunrise.
On a VFR sectional, what does a star next to a tower frequency mean?
That the tower operates part time.
On a VFR sectional, what is indicated by an airport where the runways are drawn in a bold line without a circle around it?
It indicates that the runway is a hard-surfaced runway greater than 8069’ long.
What is the difference between a straight-in approach and a straight-in landing?
A straight-in approach (IFR) is an instrument approach wherein the final approach is begun without first having executed a procedure turn.
A straight-in landing is a landing made on a runway aligned within 30 degrees of the final approach course following completion of an instrument approach.
What are the different segments of an instrument approach?
1) Initial Approach Segment
2) Intermediate Approach Segment
3) Final Approach Segment
4) Missed Approach Segment