Regulation & Safety Flashcards
What is IMO?
International Maritime Organisation is the IMO a UN body for international maritime regulations.
For safety at sea and prevention of marine pollution as well as provide an international regulatory framework for safe and efficient shipping
What is ISMC?
International Safety Management Code is a code designed to ensure safety of seafarers and the vessel. To provide international standard for safe management and operation of ships for pollution prevention.
What is SOLAS?
SOLAS is Safety of Life at Sea issued by the IMO to provide regulations for minimum standards of the construction, equipment and operation of vessels. Flag states are responsible for their ships to comply with its requirements and issue certification to prove compliance.
What is SCTW?
International convention on Standards of Training, Certification & Watch-Keeping to ensure all officers and ratings internationally are adequately trained requiring them to all have same minimum standard of training through certification as well as other provisions such as minimum hours of rest
What is MARPOL Annex 1?
Regulations for the prevention of pollution by oil
What is MARPOL Annex 2?
Regulations for the control of pollution by noxious liquid substance in bulk
What is MARPOL Annex 3?
Regulations for prevention of pollution by harmful substances carried by sea in package form
What is MARPOL Annex 4?
Regulations for prevention of pollution by sewage from ships.
What is MARPOL Annex 5?
Regulations for prevention of pollution by garbage from ships.
What is MARPOL Annex 6?
Regulations for the prevention of air pollution from ships (ECA)
Reg for Grinding Wheels?
Abrasive wheels regulations 1970
Use only manufactured grinding wheels and only used if trained with correct PPE
Reg for Rotating Machinery?
PUWER Regulations 1998 & MGN 331
Use only if maintained correctly and only if trained with correct PPE
Regs for Safety clothing & Footwear?
PPE at work act 1992
Wear all equipment correctly as directed and only approved & serviceable items.
Regs for prevention of skin reaction?
COSHH Reg 2002
Use of protective clothing and limiting exposure through use of barrier cream
MARPOL Reg for pumping engine room bilges in special area?
Under MARPOL Annex 1
The vessel must be underway
Oil content of discharge must not exceed 15PPM
Bilge water must pass through approved oily water separator with oil content monitor and alarm with auto shut off such as 3 way valve for recirc.
Only engine room bilges are to be pumped. Not to come from cargo tank wash down residue or from cargo pump bilge wells.
Automatic logging of vessel position on START/STOP of OWS via vessel GPS
Oily record book must be filled out every discharge.
State regulation making ship responsible for prevention of pollution at sea and in port?
MARPOL Annex 1
Name Equipment to comply with annex 1 of MARPOL
Oily Water Seperator
Explain SOPEP
Shipboard Oil Pollution Prevention Plan is approved code of practice for instruction of ships crew, master, shore staff and office staff methods to prevent escape of oil into marine environment and minimise the damage if they do escape.
Provides safe procedures for containment and recovery of spilled oil and how to initially prevent a spill. Also which people and organisations to inform in case of a spill
Purpose of ORB
Legal document that may be used in a court of law for accurate record keeping of oil & oil products on board a ship for:
Discharges of oily bilge
Transfer of oils internally
Discharge of sludge to shore
Bunkering FO or LO
Action taken in oil spill?
Stop all pumping
Sound all tank
report to shore side and stop vessel
Maintain and contain spill to best of ability using floating boom
Collect as much oil as possible
Conditions to discharge oily bilge
Vessel must be en route
Through approved filter
Through PPM monitoring less than 15PPM
MIN
Marine Information Notice to provide specific information such as MCA Exams
MSN
Merchant Shipping Notice to provide inform that is statutory and must be followed by LAW
MGN
Marine Guidance Notice to provide guidance to seafarers on legislation
What is Merchant Shipping & Fishing Vessel HSE @ Work Regs
All safety measures in relation to risks on board a ship to be in place as per Risk Assessment
Employer’s duties in the case of health and safety of seafarers
Follow training and instructions given and to report deficiencies and any unsafe work.
How MCA publications such as M Notices be cancelled or superseded
Through initial paragraph in a new M notice stating which previous one is cancelled or superseded delivered to ship by E-Mail or fax etc…
ERLB
Engine room log book to comply with SOLAS and log all parameters of machinery to notice dangerous trends or faults
Twice daily recorded
ERSL
Engine room sounding log to keep track and monitor levels of engine room tanks
Twice Daily Recorded
R&WH
To comply with SOLAS and MLC 2006 to ensure crew members get enough rest such as 10 hours in any 24 hour period
Completed at end of each day
ORB
To comply with MARPOL Annex 1 to keep track and record of all oil discharges & transfers
Completed with every discharge or transfer operation
4 Precautions for taking bunkers
Recieving tanks have been sounded and enough space for new oil
SOPEP equipment prepared and ready
No Smoking sign displayed at bunker station
Scuppers closed
Ensure communication in place with bunker barge, port & bridge
Permission from port received to commence bunkering and bunker flag is displayed
Principle requirements for maintaining records on ships?
Ensuring legal compliance with flag, class and maritime regulations
Developing trend in order to spot any unsafe or dangerous trends occurring
Ensuring all practices carried out follow approved methods for safety and pollution prevention
Record building for reference of the company and ships staff
Entries necessary when discharging oily bilge at sea?
Location of START/STOP Discharge
Quantity of water discharged
Time of discharge
Identity of the tank/tanks
Ships speed during discharge
Method of discharge such as through approved OWS & 15PPM monitoring equipment able to stop discharge and alarm when 15PPM exceeded.
Whats an enclosed space?
Space with restricted or limited access and exit and an atmosphere that is unknown as forced ventilation is not installed to a space and oxygen content may be below 21%
Examples of enclosed space?
Cofferdam, Chain locker, Fuel oil storage tank, Boiler furnace, Scavenge space
Prior to entry of enclosed space?
Ventilate 24 hrs
Atmosphere test
O2, CO, H2S & FO Vapor
Toolbox talk
Checklist
Adequate Lighting
Communications
Enclosed Space drill
STBY Comp person
BA at entry point
Rescue gear
PTW Completed
Safety check for wire strop
Appliance has been tested and and no damage and correctly rated
Safety check for Chain block
Approved testing sticker and operates well in both directions and does not slip and no obvious damage and correctly rated
Safety check for Eye Bolts
Threads not damaged and ensure has been tested and correct weight rating and no fractures/cracking
Safety check for Shackles
Correct load rating and ensure correct bolt is going through from factory to secure not a different one and ensure no cracking or fracture
Steam heating coil how to detect leak?
Fuel present in the hot well of the boiler or in the boiler drum
Excess water in settling tank
Steam from tank vents
Rapid temperature change
Steam heating coil immediate actions when leak detected?
Call the chief engineer to inform.
Transfer fuel oil from affected tank to another if possible and change fuel oil system valves over to match
Take samples from the boiler & possibly shut down boiler & DO NOT bottom blow down only scum to avoid contaminating all tubes.
Explain how steam heating leak may be traced?
Check ER log to see if any fuel oil tank heating has been turned on recently.
Close steam inlet and condensate outlet and allow tank to cool down.
Open condensate drain/steam trap and open steam inlet to the coil and if oil is seen in drain valve then you have found correct tank
4 Features to help start lifeboat engines in cold climate
Winterised Diesel
Trickle charging battery
Engine Sump & jacket
Heaters
Keep engine enclosed so not exposed to elements
2 Devices to control rate of fall of lifeboats
Centrifugal break using brake pads that are spring loaded, As drum rotates the springs are overcome by centrifugal force applying brake pads to drum slowing rate of fall to 36 metres/min by friction.
The holding brake is a weighted lever and when lifted stops the boat at any level and holds it there for embarkation for example
Portable fire extinguishers in: The galley
Wet Chemical for fat fire Class F
CO2 for fire with live electrical equipment
Portable fire extinguishers in: Accomodation
Water in event of combustible materials fire Class A
Dry power in event of live electrical fire
Portable fire extinguishers in: Machinery space control room
Foam in case of oil based fire Class B
Dry powder in case of fire involving live electrical equipment that is NON Critical
Portable fire extinguishers in: Main Switchboard
CO2 in event of a fire involving live electrical systems that are critical
Dry powder in even of a fire involving live electrical equipment non-critical
How to identify fire extinguisher?
There will be a label across the extinguisher which has the colour associated with extinguisher and the chemical names
Pictograms displaying which type of fire it can be used on such as Class A,B,C,D,F and Electrical
Which extinguisher in ECR?
CO2 due to being able to use on live electrical equipment & being non corrosive
What to do before activating fixed CO2 fire fighting
Evacuate ER
Head count/CO2 Muster
Seal space
Shut dampers
Stop Ventilations
Stop Machinery
Emcy Generator
Quick Closing Valves
Head Count
Open box & sound alarm 60 second
Distributor valve open
chain release valve open
Feel bottles for temp change
4 types of extinguisher in machinery space?
Dry Powder
Foam
CO2
Water
State fire classifications & materials
A - Wood/Textiles
B- Flamm Liq & Solid
C - Flam Gas
D- Metal Alloy Fires
F - High temp cook oils
E/Lightning - Elec fires
Maintenance of extinguisher CO2 & Powder
CO2
- Hose not perished
-Weight of bottle for stated volume 10%
-Check for physical damage
-Check tag
-Check mechanism
Dry Powder
-Weight for stated weight
-Check CO2 can for weight and damage
-Rotate 180 degrees to avoid compaction of powder
-Check hose and release mechanism
Fire Heads testing?
All detectors and call points tested monthly. Can be done on rotations for set amounts weekly.
Discover fire in accomodation?
Sound alarm and state location of fire, what type and casualties
Close doors and windows and vents leading to fire to isolate
Isolate electrical supply and close dampers & ventilation
If possible used portable fire extinguisher to put out fire if safe.
If not go to muster stations and update the command on situation and close any fire doors on way and await instruction.
Organisation of emergency fire parties on ship?
Chief officer brief all parties and remain in command at scene
2/E in charge of engine room fire party to extinguish the fire and prevent spread
2/O in charge of deck fire party to take care of first aid and any isolations
this in case of ER fire and if deck fire the roles of each fire team swap
4 Different fire detector heads on ship?
PEC Infrared Flame Detector
Optical Smoke Detector
Heat Detector
Rate of rise detector.
Describe operation of 3 fire heads?
Heat detector uses a thermistor within and when temp increases resistance in circuit increases creating alarm
Optical smoke uses a light sensor to detect amount of light obscured by smoke one a certain % of light obscured alarm sets off
IR Flame detectors use infrared light to detect flame and if it is flickering at less than 25Hz alarm sounds
Document to indicate location of extinguishers onboard?
Ships fire plan
3 Places ships fire plan to be found?
Bridge
ECR
Accomodation
Frequency to test fixed fire detection
Weekly and ensure rotations of fire heads
Fake smoke
IR light transmitter
Importance of drills?
To ensure everyone knows their roles & responsibilities in a emergency scenario
Mitigate panic in a real life situation as practiced what to do
Personnel familiar with fire fighting equipment and its location
How to organise drill in a purifier room?
All fire parties & support parties know roles & positions of all equipment and escape routes
Dangers with fuel oil and requirement of extra cooling and not to have flooding due to too much water
Use of BA sets & extreme heat and low visibility
Standby teams know to replenish BA set bottles and how to setup and maintain foam induction system
Role as EOOW when thrust block temp above the range?
Inform bridge and request engine to be slowed or stopped
Inform Chief Engineer
Start diesel generator and put on load if it doesn’t happen automatically
Check thrust block LO level and water level for cooling and if required top up or ensure valves fully open
Why temperature critical thrust block?
Higher temperature will mean the oil has lesser viscosity, this affects the oil wedge hydraulically transferring thrust into hull of ship will not operate correctly that means the thrust pads could contact the thrust collar causing damage to shaft. As well as this white metal bearings in thrust block loose tensile stress at 120 degrees and above 180 degrees begin to melt.
What to do when find fire?
FIND
INFORM
RESTRICT
EXTINGUISH
