regulation of transcription and translation

Question 1

what is a transcriptional factor

Answer 1

protiens wich move in from cytoplasm and bind to dna allowing transcription to occour

Question 2

how is transcription regulated

Answer 2

via the binding of a transcrition factor

Question 3

describe and explain the role of a transcrition factor

Answer 3

• transcription factor in cell diffuses into the nucleas
• transcriptional factor binds to DNA
• binding of transcriptional factor to DNA enables RNA polymerase to bind to dna
• binding of RNA polymerase enables transcription

Question 4

describe the role of eostrogen in regulation of transcription and translation

Answer 4

• eostrogen lipid soluable so can easily diffuse through cell surface membrane
• eostrgen complementry tertiary structure to receptor on transcriptional factor
• eostrogen binds to receptor on transcriptional factor forming oestrogen-oestrogen recptor complex
• diffuses through to nucleus and binds with specific dna sites at the start of target gene
• enables RNA polymerase to bind to dna
• transcription can occour

Question 5

where does transcriptional factor bind ond dna

Answer 5

specific DNA sites at the start of the target gene

Question 6

what is oestrogen that makes it lipid soliuable

Answer 6

its a steroide hoemone

Question 7

what is siRNA

Answer 7

• siRNA double trand that untwists and binds to mrna
• binds to mrna via complementry base pairing
• cuts up mRNA preventing translation

Question 8

what is miRNA

Answer 8

-similar to siRNA binds to mRNA
- binds to mRNA and uses protien to block tRNA from binding to mrna
- preventing translation