Regulation of Gene Expression

Question 1

Information flows

Answer 1

Out of DNA and into the cell

Question 2

Chromatin density must be _____ to gain access to genes

Answer 2

Decondensed

Question 3

Enzymes that decondense chromatin

Answer 3

Acetyl-groups

Question 4

Condense ➡️ Decondense

Answer 4

Add acetyl

Question 5

Decondense ➡️ Condense

Answer 5

Remove Acetyl

Question 6

Epigenetics

Answer 6

Patterns in chromatin structure can be transmitted from parent to daughter cells

Transmissible changes on chromatin structure

Inheritance of traits that do not depend on DNA sequence

Question 7

Enhancers

Answer 7

Clusters of control elements located from the start of transcription

Recognized by a set of activators

Question 8

Activators

Answer 8

Transcription factors

Question 9

Location

Answer 9

Location matters!

Question 10

T/F

A liver cell contains a control element needed to regulate the expression of a protein that is found only in nerve cells

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Type-specific Transcription

Answer 11

Same sequence; different activators

Question 12

Alternative splicing

Answer 12

Leads to the production of many more different proteins than genes

90% of pre mRNA

Question 13

MicroRNA or miRNA

Answer 13

Held by a protein complex

When bound to its complimentary mRNA, it is blocked or destroyed (the mRNA)

Regulates at least half of all human genes