Regions, Grapes & Wines Flashcards
France: Principal Grapes & Regions
Chardonnay
- Burgundy: Bourgogne, Chablis, Pugligny-Montrachet, Mersault, Macon, Pouilly-Fuisse’
Sauv Blanc
- Loire: Sancerre, Pouilly-Fume’,
- Bordeaux: Bordeaux Blanc
Riesling
- Alsace
Cab Sauv; Merlot
- Bordeaux: Medoc, Haut-Medoc, Pauillac, Margaux, Graves, Pessc-Leognan, Pomerol, Saint-Emilion, Bordeaux
Pinot Noir
- Burgundy: Bourgogne, Gevrey-Chambertin, Nuits-Saint-Georges, Beune, Pommard
Syrah
- N. Rhone: Crozes-Hermitage, Hermitage, Cote-Rotie
Syrah + Grenache
- S. Rhone: Cotes du Rhone, Cotes du Rhone Villages, Chateauneuf-du-Pape
Inexpensive Blends:
- Languedoc-Rousillon: Minervois
USA: Principal Grapes & Regions
Chardonnay
- California: Sonoma, Carneros
Sauv Blanc
- California: Napa
Cab Sauv & Merlot
- California: Napa, Oakville, Rutherford, Alexander Valley
Pinot Noir
- California: Sonoma, Carneros, Santa Barbara,
- Oregon
Argentina: Principal Grapes & Regions
Chardonnay
- Mendoza
Cab Sauv & Merlot
- Mendoza
Australia: Principal Grapes & Regions
Chardonnay
- Yarra Valley, Adelaide Hills, Margaret River
Riesling
- Clare Valley, Eden Valley
Cab Sauv & Merlot
- Margaret River, Coonawarra
Pinot Noir
- Yarra Valley, Mornington Peninsula
Shiraz
- Barossa Valley, McLaren Vale, Hunter Valley
New Zealand: Principal Grapes & Regions
Chardonnay
- Malborough
Sauv Blanc
- Malborough
Cab Sauv & Merlot
- Hawk’s Bay
Pinot Noir
- Malborough, Central Otago
South Africa: Principal Grapes & Regions
Chardonnay
- Walker Bay
Sauv Blanc
- Elgin, Constantia
Cab Sauv & Merlot
- Stellenbosch
Pinot Noir
- Walker Bay
Chile: Principal Grapes & Regions
Sauv Blanc
- Casablanca
Cab Sauv & Merlot
- Maipo, Colchagua, Cahopoal
Pinot Noir
- Casablanca
Germany: Principal Grapes & Regions
Riesling
- Mosel, Rheingau, Pfalz
Pinot Noir
- Pfalz, Baden
Spain: Principal Grapes & Regions
Garnarcha
- Rioja, Navarro, Priorat
Pinotage
South Africa
- close relative to Pinot Noir
- moderate to hot climate
- rich, full-bodied, medium tannins
- red fruit (strawberry, raspberry, cherry), vegetal, animal (tar, leather)
Valpolicella & Valpolicella Classico DOC
Veneto, NE Italy
- grape: corvina
- variety of styles from a blend of grapes
- pale to medium in color
- high acidity, light-bodied + low tannins
- sour red cherry
- premium has high concentration and complexity of baked fruit flavors (plum, dried red fruit, prunes)
Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG
Veneto, NE Italy
made from dried (passito) grapes
Montelpulciano d’Abruzzo DOC
E.Central Italy
- grape: montelpulciano
- deep color, high acidity
- medium to high tannins & alcohol, medium to full bodied
- red & black fruit (black cherry, blackberry, plum), spice (pepper)
- oak-aged
Anglianico
S. Italy
- grape: angliancio
- deep color
- high acidity & tannins, full bodied, complex
- intense flavors & black fruit
Primitivo + Negroamero
S. Italy
- grape: primitivo & negroamero
- medium color, acids, tannins
- full bodied
- jammy black fruit and liquorice
Beaujolais
Loire Valley, France
- grape: gamay
- moderate climate
- low tannin, medium to high acidity, light to medium bodied
- pronounced red fruit (strawberry, raspberry, cherry), spce (cinnamon, pepper)
- best consumed young & fruity
- usually unoaked
Pinot Gris
Alsace, France
- full-bodied
- dry, off dry, medium & sweet wines
- tropical fruit (banana, melon), sweet spice (ginger), honey
Pinot Grigio
Italy
- medium to light bodied
- dry
- medium to high acidity
- neutral character (green & citrus fruit)
Chenin Blanc
Vourary AC, Loire Valley, France
- cool climate
- medium sweet, high acidity, medium bodied, unoaked
- citrus (lemon), green fruit (apple), tropical (pineapple), herbaceous (leaf)
South Africa
- large volume, inexpensive wine
- dry/off dry, medium to high acidity
- medium bodied
- citrus, tropical fruit
- oak
- blended with Chardonnay
Melon Blanc
Muscadet AC, Loire Valley, France
- dry high acidity
- light to medium bodied
- unoaked
- neutral fruit
- sur lie (dead yeast cells) -> body + complexity
Viogner
S. France, Chile, Argentina, Australia, California
- soft, full bodied aromatic wines
- best examples N. Rhone
- low acidity, high alcohol
- delicate fruit + floral flavors (peach, apricot, violet), spicy notes
Albarino
Rias Baixas, Spain
- dry, light to medium bodied
- refreshingly high acidity
- green fruit (apple, pair), citrus fruit (grapefruit), floral
- unoaked
Semillon
Bordeaux
- blended with Sauv Blanc to make dry and sweet wines (Sauternes)
Hunter Valley, Australia
- single varietal
- dry, light bodied, low alcohol, high acidity
- youth: neutral with delicate citrus flavors
- maturity: toast, nuts, honey
Gerwurztraminer
Alsace, France
- low acidity, high alcohol, full-bodied
- intensely perfumed + aromatic
- variety of styles (dry, off dry, medium)
- floral (rose, orange blossom), stone fruit (peach), tropical fruit (lychee), green fruit (grap), sweet spice (ginger)
- best consumed young & fresh
- maturity (honey, nut)
Torrontes
Cafayate, Salta, Argentina
- aromatic variety
- dry, medium acidity, medium bodied, high alcohol
- pronounced floral flavors (perfume), green fruit (grapes), stone fruit (peach)
Tempranillo
Rioja DOCa
- moderate climate
- medium acidity, medium to full bodied + medium tannins
- red fruit (strawberry, plum)
- often oak aged (softer tannins, sweet coconut & vanilla)
- maturity (savory animal meat, leather), vegetal (mushroom)
- blended with Garnacha
Ribera del Duero DO
- premium quality reds
- black fruit notes (blackberry, plum)
- oak (toast)
Catalunya DO
- good-quality reds in a range of styles suing tempranillo garnacha, and int’l varieties
Douro DOC
Douro, Portugal
- hot climate
- high quality red wines
- grape: touriga nacional
- high acid + tannin, deep color
- intense flavors of dark fruit (blackberry, black currant), spice (pepper, liquorice)
- usually oak aged
Borolo DOCG & Barbaresco
Piedmont, Italy
- grape: nebbiolo
- high acidity, tannins, alcohol
- full-bodied
- red fruit (plum), floral and earthy character
- maturity (tobacco, mushroom, tar)
Barbera
Piedmont, Italy
- grape: barbera + nebbiola grapes
- high acidity, light to medium tannins
- medium bodied
- red fruit (red cherry), spice (black pepper)
- often oak-aged (toast, vanilla, sweet spice)
Sangiovese
- most widely planted grape in Italy
- high tannins & acidity
- red fruit (plum, red cherry), earth, herbal (green tea), spice
- long oak-ageing
Chianti DOCG + Classico
- Central Tuscany
- small portion of other varieties can be used
- a lot of inexpensive wines
Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
- 100% sangiovese grapes
Malbec
Mendoza, Argentina
- full bodied, medium to high tannins
- black fruit (blackberry, black plum), spice (clover, pepper)
- suitable for oak ageing
- often blended (Cab Sauv, Merlot)
Carmenere
Chile
- warm, sunny sites
- deep color, medium to high acidity & alcohol
- medium to full bodied, high tannins
- black fruit (blackberry), spice (pepper),
- under-ripeness: vegetal (green bell pepper, green beans)
- often blended (Cab Sauv, Merlot)
Zinfandel
California
- rich, high alcohol, full-bodied
- black fruit (blackberry), dried fruit (prunes, raisin), swee t spice (cloves, liquorice)
- most intense from old vines
- off-dry fruity roses’ (white zinfandel)
(non-principal) White Grapes; White Wines
- Pinot Gris / Pinot Grigio
a. Pinto Gris (Alsace, N. Zealand)
b. Pinot Grigio (Italy) - Verdichhio (Marche, Central Italy)
- Trebbiano (most planted white in Italy)
- Gargenega (Veneto, Italy)
a. Soave (+ Classico Doc) - Cortese (Piedmont)
a. Gavi DOCG - Chenin Blanc
a. Vouvray AC, Lorie Valley
b. South Africa - Melon Blanc
a. Muscadet AC - Viogner
a. N. Rhone
b. Chile, Argentina, Australia, California - Albarino (Rias Baixas, Spain)
- Semillon
a. Bordeaux
b. Hunter Valley
Italy: White Wines
- Verdicchio
- Trebbiano
- Gavi DOCG (cortese grape)
- Soave, Soave Classico (gargenega grape)
Verdicchio
Marche, Central Italy
- dry, high acidity, medium bodied
- citrus (lemon), herbal (fennel), bittler almond
Trebbiano
Italy - most widely planted white grape
- dry high acidity, light bodied
- neutral, inexpensive wine
Gavi DOCG
Piedmont, Italy
- dry, high acidity, light bodied
- green fruit (green apple), citrus
Soave & Soave Classico DOC
Veneto, Italy
- high acidity, medium bodied
- floral (chamomile), green fruit (pear, red apple), spice (white pepper)
- unoaked
(non-principal) Black Grapes & Red Wines
- Gamay (Beaujolais, France)
a. Beaujolais - Tempranillo (Spain)
a. Rioja DOCA
b. Ribera del Duero DO
c. Navarra DO
d. Catalunya - Duoro (Portugual) –> Touriga Nacional grape
a. Duoro DOC - Nebiolla (Piedmont)
a. Barolo DOCG
b. Barbaresco DOCG
c. Barbera - Sangiovese (Tuscany)
a. Chianti DOCG & Chianti Classico
b. Brunello di Montalcino - Corvina (Veneto)
a. Valpolicella & Valpolicella Classico - Amarone de la Valpolicella DOCG (Veneto)
a. partially dried grapes - Montepulciano (Abruzzo)
a. Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC - Primitivo + Negroamaro (Puglia)
- Angliancio (S. Italy)
- Zinfandel (California)
- Pinotage (S. Africa)
- Malbec (Mendoza, Argentina)
