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us history > regents > Flashcards

regents Flashcards

1
Q

earliest colonies in america

A

jamestown:
businessman, plantations

massachusetts bay:
puritans, religious freedom

new amsterdam :
dutch traders, furs

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2
Q

mercantilism

A

colonies are made for importing goods back to motherland, limited colonial trade

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3
Q

salutary neglect

A

americans could basically do anything as long as raw materials were being imported back to england

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4
Q

early examples of democracy in american colonies

A

mayflower compact:
puritans in massachusetts
self government

house of burgesses:
virginia (jamestown) first elected legislature
first step towards representative gov

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5
Q

french and indian war

A

war america + british against french + indian
american victory
bad relationships between sides

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6
Q

end of french and indian war

A

1763- end
britain lost a lot of money from war, thought america should help pay for it
END OF SALUTARY NEGLECT
stamp act, sugar act, tea act

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7
Q

no taxation without representation

A

response to the tea act, stamp act and sugar act
protests include:
- boston tea party
- stamp act congress
- first continental congress
- second continental congress

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8
Q

declaration of independence

A

during second continental congress americans decided they wanted to break away from britain (yay!)

assigned thomas jefferson to write down all the grievances america faced or something

main ideas: (inspired by JOHN LOCKE)
- everyone born with unalienable natural rights
- social contract: people owe loyalty to government in exchange for government acting in their best interest
- the people can alter or abolish government if government fails to do their job
- government gets its power from consent of the governed

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9
Q

articles of confederation

A

weak government set up bc they feared strong gov
anti feds wanted this
- one branch (legislative)
- states had most power, weak central government
- failed to defeat shay’s rebellion L bozo

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10
Q

shay’s rebellion

A

people in debt after american rev
gov wanted to collect taxes
debt prisons, farmers losing farms
BOOOO
big rebellion

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11
Q

northwest ordinance

A

defined procedure for adding new states into nation

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12
Q

constitutional convention

A

people decided article of confederations was too weak + wanted new government
wanted a new document, created document at constitutional convention

framers wrote constitution yay

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13
Q

representation in congress

A

large states - proportional representation (population based)

small states - equal representation (self explanatory)

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14
Q

the great compromise

A

agreement ab representation in congress between big and small states

2 house congress:
- house of representatives (population)
- senate (equal)

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15
Q

federalists vs antifeds

A

federalists:
- strong central government

antifeds:
- weaker government
- demanded passage of bill of rights to protect poor people from gov abuse

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16
Q

main ideas in constitution

A

limited government
- gov shouldnt have too much power

separation of powers
- 3 branches (executive, legislative, judicial)

checks and balances
- each branch has the power to limit the power of the others

flexibility
- constitution is adaptable to change

federalism
- power shared between state and federal

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17
Q

george washington

A
  • said that the foreign policy of the US should be isolationism (us stays out of European affairs)
  • stepped down after 2 terms
  • created national bank
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18
Q

thomas jefferson v hamilton

A

jefferson
- strict constructionist: believed words of constitution should be followed closely
- feared that government was too strong
- no national bank

hamilton
- loose constructionist: constitution should be more flexible
- wanted strong government
- yes national bank

fight created first political parties

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19
Q

unwritten constitution

A

certain customs and traditions government was to follow despite not being in the constitution itself
- 2 term limit
- two main political parties
- ability to create a cabinet (secretary of state, treasury, etc.)
- judicial review (chief justice john marshall) supreme court can declare laws unconstitutional
- lobbying : any group in the US has the right to influence members of congress to vote in a certain way

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20
Q

westward expansion

A

1800s when US territory expanded from east coast to pacific ocean

Louisiana purchase (1803)
- bought land from france
Texas Annexation (1845)
- texas broke away from Mexico + annexed by US
Mexican Cession (1848)
- Mexico forced to give 1/3 of land to America

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21
Q

manifest destiny

A

US was “destined” to expand west + take land from others

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22
Q

erie canal

A

connected hudson river with lake erie

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23
Q

indian removal

A

andrew jackson
- granted land west of Mississippi to Indian tribes who were willing to give up land

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24
Q

homestead act

A

american citizens could claim 160 acres of gov surveyed land for farming (encouraged westward migration)

homestead act for Indians
- gave land to indians in exchange for their native land

25
Q

transcontinental railroad

A

train route across us
connected us for the first time
built by a bunch of immigrants
contributed to westward expansion bc provided a way of travel or wtv

26
Q

california gold rush

A

GOLD!! PEOPLE!!
people want money -> move west for gold lol

27
Q

sectionalism

A

result of westward expansion
divisions between north + south
tensions over slavery

28
Q

trail of tears

A

result of indian removal act
forced removal of indians from homeland
ethnic cleansing big no no

29
Q

james polk

A

11 president
mexican american war
annexation of texas

30
Q

mexican american war

A

happened bc of border disputes between texas and mexico

31
Q

attempts to resolve disputes between slavery between north and south

A

missouri compromise
- everything north of this line is free, south is slave
compromise of 1850
kansas nebraska act
- bleeding kansas– fight between whether kansas is free or slave state
- repealed misouri compromise, the state has the power to choose itself whether its a free of slave state

passage of the fugitive slave law
- runaway slaves have to be returned

32
Q

dred scrott decision

A

slaves were not citizens and they are property
rights of slave owners cannot be violated wtf

33
Q

lincoln

A

south withdrew from union
civil war started bc lincoln sent military to south to prevent secede
won lol

34
Q

jim crow laws

A

bad bad segregation but make it legal with these laws
during reconstruction

35
Q

plessy v ferguson

A

segregation
seperate but equal

36
Q

main reasons for industrial growth

A

population increasing
advances in transportation
- automobiles
advances in communication
- telegraph
new sources of energy
- oil
rise of corporations
- monopolies
open immigration policies

37
Q

ideas associated with industrialization

A

laissez faire capitalism
- gov should not interfere with businesses
social darwinism
- rich because duh they were cut out for it

resulted in growth of monopolies and trusts

38
Q

robber barrons

A

andrew carnegie
- steel
rockefeller
- standard oil
jp morgan
- railroads

39
Q

populist party

A

party aimed at protecting farmers who were economically hurt by huge industries

40
Q

reforms desired in the progressive era

A

child labor
working conditions
living conditions
womans suffrage

41
Q

imperialism

A

extending a countrys influence through diplomacy or military force

42
Q

monron doctrine

A

telling europe to stay out of western hemisphere

43
Q

roosevelt corollary

A

big stick
us gave itself the right to interfere with other western hemisphere shit idk
Caribbean + latin American

44
Q

spanish american war

A

yippee us won and gained land
took over a bunch of latin American countries

45
Q

ww1

A

us wanted neutrality but ig not

  • submarine warfare (Germany sunk us ship)
  • Zimmerman note (note to Mexico from Germany– if Mexico attacks us, they’ll help)

civil liberties of people restricted
- espionage act and sedition act made it illegal to criticize government
schneck v us - supreme court said speech was illegal if it presented a clear and present danger to national security

46
Q

wilsons 14 points

A

14 points for peace
said us should join league of nations
sentate said NOOO bc it could result in us involvement in European affairs (u go senate)

47
Q

roaring twenties

A

period of great change when america became modernized
- jazz music
- flappers
- scopes monkey trial (battle between traditional vs modern -> religion and science ) evolution vs creation
- failure of prohibition led to crime

48
Q

assembly line

A

created by ford allowed a lot of people to access cars

49
Q

nativism

A

yes usa no everyone else

50
Q

harlem renaissance

A

african american culture boom

51
Q

causes of great depression

A

overproduction of consumer goods
overproduction of crops
too much credit- everyone bought shit on credit booo, economy crash, no money to return -> lots of debt
people put life savings on stock market, crash, no life savings

52
Q

president hoover

A

president during great depression
didn’t do jack shit
homeless shacks / towns called hooverville

53
Q

effects of the great depression

A

bread lines to feed poor
drought in great plains -> dust bowl
bonus march- ww1 veterans marched dc demanding the bonus the government promised them

54
Q

FDR

A

new deal:
- work relief (jobs)
- direct relief (money, social security program)
- bank reform

saved depression yay

55
Q

court packing scandal

A

FDR tried to increase the number of supreme court justices from 9 to 15 so more will approve of his new deal reforms

56
Q

neutrality acts

A

prevented US from taking part in WWII

57
Q

important events that happened inside US WWII

A

manhattan project - TOP SECREAT YEAHHH for atomic bomb
japanese americans in internment camps
rationing programs at home
war bonds bought for war
victory gardens for food

58
Q

end of WWII

A

us dropped two bombs on hiroshima and nagasaki 1945

GI bill helped veterans get a college education and provided funds towards housing

nuremberg trials - nazi war criminals on trial

creation of united nations

59
Q

containment

A

stop spread of communism
- marshall plan : lending money to europe
- truman doctrine : we have a duty to stop spread of communism
- berlin airlift : sent stuff to berlin over the wall
- korean war - north vs south
- bay of pigs - get rid of this dictator in cuba
- cuban missile crisis : missiles from USSR in cuba

us history (5 decks)

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