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regents Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

earliest colonies in america

A

jamestown:
businessman, plantations

massachusetts bay:
puritans, religious freedom

new amsterdam :
dutch traders, furs

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2
Q

mercantilism

A

colonies are made for importing goods back to motherland, limited colonial trade

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3
Q

salutary neglect

A

americans could basically do anything as long as raw materials were being imported back to england

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4
Q

early examples of democracy in american colonies

A

mayflower compact:
puritans in massachusetts
self government

house of burgesses:
virginia (jamestown) first elected legislature
first step towards representative gov

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5
Q

french and indian war

A

war america + british against french + indian
american victory
bad relationships between sides

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6
Q

end of french and indian war

A

1763- end
britain lost a lot of money from war, thought america should help pay for it
END OF SALUTARY NEGLECT
stamp act, sugar act, tea act

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7
Q

no taxation without representation

A

response to the tea act, stamp act and sugar act
protests include:
- boston tea party
- stamp act congress
- first continental congress
- second continental congress

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8
Q

declaration of independence

A

during second continental congress americans decided they wanted to break away from britain (yay!)

assigned thomas jefferson to write down all the grievances america faced or something

main ideas: (inspired by JOHN LOCKE)
- everyone born with unalienable natural rights
- social contract: people owe loyalty to government in exchange for government acting in their best interest
- the people can alter or abolish government if government fails to do their job
- government gets its power from consent of the governed

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9
Q

articles of confederation

A

weak government set up bc they feared strong gov
anti feds wanted this
- one branch (legislative)
- states had most power, weak central government
- failed to defeat shay’s rebellion L bozo

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10
Q

shay’s rebellion

A

people in debt after american rev
gov wanted to collect taxes
debt prisons, farmers losing farms
BOOOO
big rebellion

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11
Q

northwest ordinance

A

defined procedure for adding new states into nation

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12
Q

constitutional convention

A

people decided article of confederations was too weak + wanted new government
wanted a new document, created document at constitutional convention

framers wrote constitution yay

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13
Q

representation in congress

A

large states - proportional representation (population based)

small states - equal representation (self explanatory)

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14
Q

the great compromise

A

agreement ab representation in congress between big and small states

2 house congress:
- house of representatives (population)
- senate (equal)

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15
Q

federalists vs antifeds

A

federalists:
- strong central government

antifeds:
- weaker government
- demanded passage of bill of rights to protect poor people from gov abuse

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16
Q

main ideas in constitution

A

limited government
- gov shouldnt have too much power

separation of powers
- 3 branches (executive, legislative, judicial)

checks and balances
- each branch has the power to limit the power of the others

flexibility
- constitution is adaptable to change

federalism
- power shared between state and federal

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17
Q

george washington

A
  • said that the foreign policy of the US should be isolationism (us stays out of European affairs)
  • stepped down after 2 terms
  • created national bank
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18
Q

thomas jefferson v hamilton

A

jefferson
- strict constructionist: believed words of constitution should be followed closely
- feared that government was too strong
- no national bank

hamilton
- loose constructionist: constitution should be more flexible
- wanted strong government
- yes national bank

fight created first political parties

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19
Q

unwritten constitution

A

certain customs and traditions government was to follow despite not being in the constitution itself
- 2 term limit
- two main political parties
- ability to create a cabinet (secretary of state, treasury, etc.)
- judicial review (chief justice john marshall) supreme court can declare laws unconstitutional
- lobbying : any group in the US has the right to influence members of congress to vote in a certain way

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20
Q

westward expansion

A

1800s when US territory expanded from east coast to pacific ocean

Louisiana purchase (1803)
- bought land from france
Texas Annexation (1845)
- texas broke away from Mexico + annexed by US
Mexican Cession (1848)
- Mexico forced to give 1/3 of land to America

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21
Q

manifest destiny

A

US was “destined” to expand west + take land from others

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22
Q

erie canal

A

connected hudson river with lake erie

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23
Q

indian removal

A

andrew jackson
- granted land west of Mississippi to Indian tribes who were willing to give up land

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24
Q

homestead act

Study These Flashcards
A

american citizens could claim 160 acres of gov surveyed land for farming (encouraged westward migration)

homestead act for Indians
- gave land to indians in exchange for their native land

25
transcontinental railroad
train route across us connected us for the first time built by a bunch of immigrants contributed to westward expansion bc provided a way of travel or wtv
26
california gold rush
GOLD!! PEOPLE!! people want money -> move west for gold lol
27
sectionalism
result of westward expansion divisions between north + south tensions over slavery
28
trail of tears
result of indian removal act forced removal of indians from homeland ethnic cleansing big no no
29
james polk
11 president mexican american war annexation of texas
30
mexican american war
happened bc of border disputes between texas and mexico
31
attempts to resolve disputes between slavery between north and south
missouri compromise - everything north of this line is free, south is slave compromise of 1850 kansas nebraska act - bleeding kansas-- fight between whether kansas is free or slave state - repealed misouri compromise, the state has the power to choose itself whether its a free of slave state passage of the fugitive slave law - runaway slaves have to be returned
32
dred scrott decision
slaves were not citizens and they are property rights of slave owners cannot be violated wtf
33
lincoln
south withdrew from union civil war started bc lincoln sent military to south to prevent secede won lol
34
jim crow laws
bad bad segregation but make it legal with these laws during reconstruction
35
plessy v ferguson
segregation seperate but equal
36
main reasons for industrial growth
population increasing advances in transportation - automobiles advances in communication - telegraph new sources of energy - oil rise of corporations - monopolies open immigration policies
37
ideas associated with industrialization
laissez faire capitalism - gov should not interfere with businesses social darwinism - rich because duh they were cut out for it resulted in growth of monopolies and trusts
38
robber barrons
andrew carnegie - steel rockefeller - standard oil jp morgan - railroads
39
populist party
party aimed at protecting farmers who were economically hurt by huge industries
40
reforms desired in the progressive era
child labor working conditions living conditions womans suffrage
41
imperialism
extending a countrys influence through diplomacy or military force
42
monron doctrine
telling europe to stay out of western hemisphere
43
roosevelt corollary
big stick us gave itself the right to interfere with other western hemisphere shit idk Caribbean + latin American
44
spanish american war
yippee us won and gained land took over a bunch of latin American countries
45
ww1
us wanted neutrality but ig not - submarine warfare (Germany sunk us ship) - Zimmerman note (note to Mexico from Germany-- if Mexico attacks us, they'll help) civil liberties of people restricted - espionage act and sedition act made it illegal to criticize government schneck v us - supreme court said speech was illegal if it presented a clear and present danger to national security
46
wilsons 14 points
14 points for peace said us should join league of nations sentate said NOOO bc it could result in us involvement in European affairs (u go senate)
47
roaring twenties
period of great change when america became modernized - jazz music - flappers - scopes monkey trial (battle between traditional vs modern -> religion and science ) evolution vs creation - failure of prohibition led to crime
48
assembly line
created by ford allowed a lot of people to access cars
49
nativism
yes usa no everyone else
50
harlem renaissance
african american culture boom
51
causes of great depression
overproduction of consumer goods overproduction of crops too much credit- everyone bought shit on credit booo, economy crash, no money to return -> lots of debt people put life savings on stock market, crash, no life savings
52
president hoover
president during great depression didn’t do jack shit homeless shacks / towns called hooverville
53
effects of the great depression
bread lines to feed poor drought in great plains -> dust bowl bonus march- ww1 veterans marched dc demanding the bonus the government promised them
54
FDR
new deal: - work relief (jobs) - direct relief (money, social security program) - bank reform saved depression yay
55
court packing scandal
FDR tried to increase the number of supreme court justices from 9 to 15 so more will approve of his new deal reforms
56
neutrality acts
prevented US from taking part in WWII
57
important events that happened inside US WWII
manhattan project - TOP SECREAT YEAHHH for atomic bomb japanese americans in internment camps rationing programs at home war bonds bought for war victory gardens for food
58
end of WWII
us dropped two bombs on hiroshima and nagasaki 1945 GI bill helped veterans get a college education and provided funds towards housing nuremberg trials - nazi war criminals on trial creation of united nations
59
containment
stop spread of communism - marshall plan : lending money to europe - truman doctrine : we have a duty to stop spread of communism - berlin airlift : sent stuff to berlin over the wall - korean war - north vs south - bay of pigs - get rid of this dictator in cuba - cuban missile crisis : missiles from USSR in cuba

us history (5 decks)

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