quiz 1

Question 1

pocahontas

Answer 1

powhatan

served as interpreter between english and natives

captured and held for ransom by colonists

married john rolfe, left to england

Question 2

protestants vs puritans

Answer 2

puritans were protestants but more extreme

protestants didn’t believe in church hierarchy + indulgences
eg. martin luther
- 95 thesis dissing church

puritans wanted to eliminate all catholicism (purify)
- god chose few ppl the elect for salvation
- everyone else was damned
- no one knew which group they belonged in

Question 3

montesinos

Answer 3

missionary at first

first european to publicly denounce the treatment of natives

Question 4

presentism

Answer 4

the tendency to interpret the past to presentist terms

at its worst encourages a kind of self congratulation — we find ourselves superior

Question 5

de las casas

Answer 5

translated columbus’ journals

first to oppose oppression of natives by europeans in the americas

Question 6

columbian exchange

Answer 6

exchange of goods, ideas, diseases, etc. between eastern and western hemispheres

Question 7

hernando cortez

Answer 7

leads an army into america and claims land for spain

la maliche: native interpreter

montezuma (ruler) thought he was a god and gave him a portion of aztec gold

founded mexico city

Question 8

pizarro

Answer 8

conquers incas of peru
fought with spaniards over control of peru, assassinated

Question 9

encomienda system

Answer 9

force natives to farm, ranch, and mine

method of social control

priests object the abuses of the encomienda system and pushed for abolition

africans brought as slaves

Question 10

spanish conquest v.s english conquest

Answer 10

span.
came by choice for adventure / exploration

came by themselves

claimed land for spain

eng.
sought religious freedom
land was for themselves
came with families
were refugees

Question 11

john smith

Answer 11

saved jamestown from starvation through negotiation with natives

virginia company

was under arrest for mutany but leadership position saved him

returned to england because of leg injury

right after smiths departure, starving time began

Question 12

jamestown after smith

Answer 12

starving time:
winter came and indians waged war on colonists
- colonists either stuck inside fort and died of starvation or went out and got killed

bubonic plague followed a supply ship

after 3 yrs, jamestown began to flourish

Question 13

bartholomew

Answer 13

discovered jamestown

formed virginia company

persuaded smith to join

Question 14

pequot war

Answer 14

pequot decided to take a stand against colonists

colonists formed alliances with naragansett (enemy of pequot)

resulted in destruction of pequot nation

Question 15

king phillips war

Answer 15

wampanog bird metacom (aka king phillip) organized a war to wipe out invaders

waged war, natives ran short on resources, surrendered

Question 16

protestant reformation

Answer 16

humanism : man’s fate determined by himself

people questioned teachings of church

martin luther against indulgences challenged church

95 thesis nailed onto door

Question 17

13 colonies (types)

Answer 17

royal colony:
owned by king
wishes of the king dominated

proprietary colony:
colony owned by individual or small group (charter)
group controls government and receive financial aid + political favors from king

charter colony:
self governed
charters grandotes via joint stock company

Question 18

mayflower compact

Answer 18

first writer constitution in na

government depends on consent on governed

signed by men only
not all men signed (41)

102 people total, 74 men

Question 19

tisquantum (squanto)

Answer 19

kidnapped by english, trafficked to spain

ransomed by monks, traveled to england

returned to his tribe, found everyone dead bc of disease

acted as interpreter for gov william bradford for 20 months, taught settlers everything

negotiatons between chief of wampanoag + settlers