Regeneration Key Concepts Flashcards
Processes
Movements of people, capital, info & resources.
Make some places socially/economically dynamic but causes others to be marginalised from wealth & opportunity.
Creates/exacerbates economic & social inequalities between & within local areas.
Players
Local, planners, developers, pressure groups, IGOs.
Attempt to modify places to make them more productive & attractive places to live, work & use for leisure
Economic activity
Varies spatially between/within places.
Classified by sector/type of employment.
Intergenerational cycle
Educational underachievement & poor health may be intergenerational i.e. passed on from parents to children.
Breaking the cycle of poor educational achievement is a goal of decision-makers.
Inequality
High inequality reduces places’ potential for economic growth.
OECD thinks policies that help limit/reverse inequality, targeting bottom 40%, make society fairer & wealthier.
Spatial inequality
Refers to differences across places at a neighbourhood/street level + between cities or regions & countries.
Demographic structure of places
May change by age, gender & socio-economic status.
High-income groups moving into places cause gentrification (affluent people take over an originally lower-income place).
Place representations
Formal representations & official statistics of places e.g. gov. orgs. differ from representation by media/locals.
Continuity & change
Lives of people in a place affected by continuity & change e.g. varying viewpoints in migrants
Perception
Affects how people engage with the place.
Varies between individuals & groups of people.
Factors: age, social class, ethnicity & overall quality of life, lived experiences.
Measuring success
By high levels of employment, output levels (GVA/GDP), in-migration & quality of life.
Low levels of deprivation
Rust Belt
1980s USA manufacturing region famous for steel/car production, stretching from Great Lakes to Midwest.
Fell into economic decline following automation, global shift & inc. free trade.
Refers to concentration of problems associated w/ loss of core employment & large scale deindustrialisation
North-South & urban divide
May widen over next few years due to reversal by govs of decades of subsidies & support for struggling areas
Social segregation & residential sorting
Common features of inequalities.
Low-income households tend to see out communities that provide lower-cost housing & have higher social welfare spending.
Higher income groups cluster together & gentrify lower income locations if they move in.
Attachment to place
Dependent on:
Age, length of residence, ethnicity, deprivation, media’s portrayal & whether gov/private business policies, programmes & projects are successful for that person.
