Regeneration EQ1 - How and why do places vary? Flashcards
What is a place?
Geographical spaces shaped by individuals and communities over time
What is the rural-urban continuum?
The unbroken transition from sparsely populated or unpopulated, remote rural places to densely populated, intensively used urban places
What is dynamism?
The rate at which places change
What is regeneration?
Long term upgrading of existing urban, rural, industrial and commercial areas to bring about social and economic change on a long-term scale
How can economic activity be classified?
- by sector (primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary)
- by type of employment (part time/full time, temporary/permanent, employed/self employed)
What is the primary sector?
Jobs involving the extraction or production of raw materials
What is the secondary sector?
Jobs involving the manufacturing or production of raw materials
What is the tertiary sector?
Jobs made up of different types of services from the public, private or voluntary sectors
What is the quarternary sector?
Jobs involving the provision of specialist services, which can include law, finance and ICT
What are the 3 types of employment?
- employees with contracts (permanent or fixed)
- workers (agency staff and volunteers)
- self-employed (freelancers, consultants and contractors)
What are some of the controversial aspects of work?
- Gender gap narrowed, but still exists (men paid 10% more on average than women)
- Zero-hours contracts, designed for casual ‘piece work’ or ‘on call’ work
- Illegal work
- Temporary and seasonal work usually has low pay
How are differences in economic activity reflected?
By variations in social factors
- health
- life expectancy
- levels of education
What is a location quotient?
A mapable ratio that helps show specialisation in any data distribution being studied
What is gross value added?
A measure of the contribution to the economy of each individual producer, industry or sector
What is the postcode lottery?
The uneven distribution of local personal health and health services nationally, especially in mental health, early cancer diagnosis, and emergency care for the elderly
What is the Glasgow effect?
The impacts of poor health linked to deprivation
How is health linked to economic sectors?
Variations in income can affect the quality of people’s housing and diets.
Geographical factors = spatial distribution of food - access to food and lifestyle choices
Variations in healthcare nationally - postcode lottery