Regeneration Flashcards
Place
Geographical spaces shaped by individuals and communities over time
Rural-urban continuum
The unbroken transition from sparsely populated or unpopulated, remote rural places to densely populated, intensively used urban places (towns and city centres)
Regeneration
Long term upgrading of existing places or more drastic renewal schemes for urban residential, retail, industrial and commercial areas, as well as rural areas
They can sometimes include conservation to preserve identity
Connected with rebranding which focusses on place marketing, where places are given a new or enhanced identity to increase their attractiveness or socio-economic viability
Quinary
The highest level of decision making in an economy
Top business executives, officials in government, science, universities, non-profit organisations, healthcare, culture and the media
Concentrated on STEM employment
Gross value added
Measures the contribution to the economy of each individual producer, industry or sector
Used in calculating GDP
Location Quotient
A mapable ratio which helps show specialisation in any data distribution being studied
Figures equal to or close to 1.00 suggest national and local patterns are similar with no particular specialisation, such as retailing
LQs over 1 shows a concentration of that type of employment locally
Postcode lottery
The uneven distribution of local personal healthcare and health services naturally
Especially in mental health, early diagnosis of cancer and emergency care for the elderly
Glasgow effect
The impacts of poor health linked to deprivation
Quality of life
The level of social and economic well-being experienced by individuals or communities, measured by various indicators - health, happiness, educational achievement, income and leisure time
Wider concept than standard of living which is just income levels
Functions
The role a place plays for its community and surroundings
Usually, larger places can offer national, even global functions
Functions may grow and change over time
Hierarchy of size and number of functions
Characteristics
The physical and human aspects that help distinguish one place from another
Location, natural features, layout, land use, architecture and cultural traits
Connections
Any type of physical, social or online linkages between places
Places may keep some of their characteristics or change them as a result
Sink estate
Housing estates characterised by high levels of economic and social deprivation and crime, especially domestic violence, drugs and gang warfare
Gated communities
Found in urban and rural settlements as either individual buildings or groups of houses
Landscapes of surveillance with CCTV and often 24/7 security guards
Reduces crime and deters unknown people accessing properties
Commuter villages
Settlements which have a proportion of their population living in them but who commute out daily or weekly, usually to larger settlements either nearby or further afield
Lived experience
The actual experience of living in a particular place
Such experience can have a profound effect on a person’s perceptions and values, as well as on their general development and their outlook on the world
Rebranding
The marketing aspect of regeneration, designed to attract business, residents and visitors. It often includes reimaging
Reimaging
Making a place more attractive and desirable to invest, live in or visit
Infrastructure
The basic physical systems of a place:
Economic - water and sewage facilities, telecommunication networks, roads, energy distribution
Social - housing, hospitals, schools, universities
Flagship regeneration projects
Large scale, prestigious projects, often using bold signature architecture
The hope is to generate a positive spin in a place
Catalyst
The method or event which starts a regeneration scheme such as building a new shopping centre, leisure facility, creation of a country park or holding an event
Area-based initiative
Aim to improve selected people or places within a specific location and include educational achievement, enhancing crime prevention and reducing unemployment
Poverty
Relative to the place and time people live in
The poverty threshold used in the UK is households with an income of less than 60% of the national median after housing costs are included
Baseline data
The information used to compare past and present-day characteristics with, for example, post-land-use maps, photographs and statistics
Benefit-cost ratios
The balance between investment and outcomes; a positive ratio is desirable
Sustainability
The definition of sustainable regeneration varies but in this context, it may be thought of as regeneration that creates long-lasting economic, social and environmental benefits for a place
