Regeneration

Question 1

Place

Answer 1

Geographical spaces shaped by individuals and communities over time

Question 2

Rural-urban continuum

Answer 2

The unbroken transition from sparsely populated or unpopulated, remote rural places to densely populated, intensively used urban places (towns and city centres)

Question 3

Regeneration

Answer 3

Long term upgrading of existing places or more drastic renewal schemes for urban residential, retail, industrial and commercial areas, as well as rural areas
They can sometimes include conservation to preserve identity
Connected with rebranding which focusses on place marketing, where places are given a new or enhanced identity to increase their attractiveness or socio-economic viability

Question 4

Quinary

Answer 4

The highest level of decision making in an economy
Top business executives, officials in government, science, universities, non-profit organisations, healthcare, culture and the media
Concentrated on STEM employment

Question 5

Gross value added

Answer 5

Measures the contribution to the economy of each individual producer, industry or sector
Used in calculating GDP

Question 6

Location Quotient

Answer 6

A mapable ratio which helps show specialisation in any data distribution being studied
Figures equal to or close to 1.00 suggest national and local patterns are similar with no particular specialisation, such as retailing
LQs over 1 shows a concentration of that type of employment locally

Question 7

Postcode lottery

Answer 7

The uneven distribution of local personal healthcare and health services naturally
Especially in mental health, early diagnosis of cancer and emergency care for the elderly

Question 8

Glasgow effect

Answer 8

The impacts of poor health linked to deprivation

Question 9

Quality of life

Answer 9

The level of social and economic well-being experienced by individuals or communities, measured by various indicators - health, happiness, educational achievement, income and leisure time
Wider concept than standard of living which is just income levels

Question 10

Functions

Answer 10

The role a place plays for its community and surroundings
Usually, larger places can offer national, even global functions
Functions may grow and change over time
Hierarchy of size and number of functions

Question 11

Characteristics

Answer 11

The physical and human aspects that help distinguish one place from another
Location, natural features, layout, land use, architecture and cultural traits

Question 12

Connections

Answer 12

Any type of physical, social or online linkages between places
Places may keep some of their characteristics or change them as a result

Question 13

Sink estate

Answer 13

Housing estates characterised by high levels of economic and social deprivation and crime, especially domestic violence, drugs and gang warfare

Question 14

Gated communities

Answer 14

Found in urban and rural settlements as either individual buildings or groups of houses
Landscapes of surveillance with CCTV and often 24/7 security guards
Reduces crime and deters unknown people accessing properties

Question 15

Commuter villages

Answer 15

Settlements which have a proportion of their population living in them but who commute out daily or weekly, usually to larger settlements either nearby or further afield

Question 16

Lived experience

Answer 16

The actual experience of living in a particular place
Such experience can have a profound effect on a person’s perceptions and values, as well as on their general development and their outlook on the world

Question 17

Rebranding

Answer 17

The marketing aspect of regeneration, designed to attract business, residents and visitors. It often includes reimaging

Question 18

Reimaging

Answer 18

Making a place more attractive and desirable to invest, live in or visit

Question 19

Infrastructure

Answer 19

The basic physical systems of a place:
Economic - water and sewage facilities, telecommunication networks, roads, energy distribution
Social - housing, hospitals, schools, universities

Question 20

Flagship regeneration projects

Answer 20

Large scale, prestigious projects, often using bold signature architecture
The hope is to generate a positive spin in a place

Question 21

Catalyst

Answer 21

The method or event which starts a regeneration scheme such as building a new shopping centre, leisure facility, creation of a country park or holding an event

Question 22

Area-based initiative

Answer 22

Aim to improve selected people or places within a specific location and include educational achievement, enhancing crime prevention and reducing unemployment

Question 23

Poverty

Answer 23

Relative to the place and time people live in
The poverty threshold used in the UK is households with an income of less than 60% of the national median after housing costs are included

Question 24

Baseline data

Answer 24

The information used to compare past and present-day characteristics with, for example, post-land-use maps, photographs and statistics

Question 25

Benefit-cost ratios

Answer 25

The balance between investment and outcomes; a positive ratio is desirable

Question 26

Sustainability

Answer 26

The definition of sustainable regeneration varies but in this context, it may be thought of as regeneration that creates long-lasting economic, social and environmental benefits for a place