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Geography Case Studies > Regeneration > Flashcards

Regeneration Flashcards

1
Q

Why did the lace market (from 17th century) in Nottingham decline?

A

As there was competition with the Lancashire cotton industry.

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2
Q

What was the lace market replaced with?

A

-The Broadway Cinema.
-2 museums were devoted to the lace market and criminal justice.
-The largest factory was turned into a college building (Adam’s building).

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3
Q

Describe the characteristics of Bramcote.

A

-School and a pub.
-Low traffic levels.
-Least deprived area.
-Family-oriented - driveways+gardens.
-High income.

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4
Q

What is the highest proportion of age categories in Bramcote?

A

45-59.

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5
Q

What type of occupation do most people have in Bramcote?

A

Professional occupations due to high education levels.

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6
Q

How is Detroit suffering from the spiral of decline?

A

Deindustrialisation due to the global shift.
Population fell from 1.5 million -> 680000 in 40 years.
Household income is $25000.
Many abandoned areas.

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7
Q

What is the poverty rate in Detroit?

A

38%.

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8
Q

What was the aim of the Heathrow expansion project?

A

To build a 3rd runway to create jobs and boost international trade.

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9
Q

What are the strengths of the Heathrow expansion?

A

+Cost effective.
+Increases the UK’s competitiveness.
+Creates jobs.

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10
Q

What are the weaknesses of the Heathrow expansion?

A

-More noise and air pollution.
-Will become the biggest emitter of CO2 in the UK.
-It involves displacing 761 homes and increasing noise pollution for those living nearby.

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11
Q

What is the aim of the EU and immigration strategy?

A

To create strategies to prevent/reduce people coming to the UK by boats illegally. The asylum system costs the UK around £3 billion a year.

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12
Q

What are the strengths of the EU and immigration strategies?

A

+It allows the government to support those who have come via safe routes.
+Can prevent deaths of those who travel by boat.

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13
Q

What are the weaknesses of the EU and immigration strategies?

A

-Unethical.
-Costs money to form a strategy.

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14
Q

What is the aim of the fracking government strategy?

A

To increase the access the UK has to oil and gas.

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15
Q

Who are the key players involved in the fracking strategy?

A

Greenpeace - strongly against it.
Ineos.
Conservative government.
Halliburton - first company to carry out fracking operations.

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16
Q

What are the strengths of the fracking strategy?

A

+Investment could reach £3.7 billion.
+Reduces reliance on conventional.

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17
Q

What are the weaknesses of the fracking strategy?

A

-Can cause EQs.
-Non-renewable energy.
-Uses lots of water.

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18
Q

What is the aim of the HS2 project?

A

To improve connections between large cities more efficiently. However, the section that connects to the North has been cancelled.

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19
Q

Who are the key players of the HS2 strategy?

A

The local authorities.
Woodland and wildlife trusts - against it as it destroys the environment.
Residents - villages will be displaced.

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20
Q

What are the strengths of the HS2 strategy?

A

+Largely decreases travel time.
+Reduces the amount of CO2 used by lorries.

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21
Q

What are the weaknesses of the HS2 strategy?

A

-It damages the environment.
-Very expensive - £49 billion.

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22
Q

What is the aim of the housing strategy?

A

To build 300000 houses a year to meet demand.

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23
Q

Who are the key players in the housing strategy?

A

National planning policy framework - aimed to build 1.5 million houses between 2015-2022. They were 46000 short.

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24
Q

What are the strengths of the housing strategy?

A

+Makes housing more affordable.
+Combats the housing crisis.

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25
What are the weaknesses of the housing strategy?
-Increased urban sprawl leading to environmental damage.
26
Why does Cornwall need regeneration?
It relies on seasonal tourism. Doesn’t have any main roads leading to it.
27
Who are the key players of the Eden Project?
National Lottery - £56 million. EU - £50 million. UK government - £20 million.
28
Describe the background of the Eden Project.
It used to be an old quarry. Local residents have free entry. It’s a garden centre, education centre and meeting location.
29
What are the strengths of the Eden Project?
+Positive multiplier effect and job creation. +Generated £2 billion in the local economy. +Prevents brain drain. +Overcomes Cornwall’s isolation.
30
What are the strengths of the Eden Project?
+Positive multiplier
31
What are the weaknesses of the Eden Project?
-Doesn’t bring the economy away from tourism. -Increased noise and air pollution due to increased traffic. -£27.50 entry fee.
32
What is the aim of the Newquay Aerohub Science Park?
To encourage aerospace investment near Newquay Airport.
33
What are the strengths of the Newquay Aerohub Science Park.
+Creates 480 jobs, 200 million of activity by 2028. +20 years of planning freedom.
34
What are the weaknesses of Newquay Aerohub Science Park?
-Not well connected. -They have to evacuate the surrounding area when launching.
35
What is the background of combined unis of Cornwall?
Old college buildings were used. Green belt land used.
36
Who are the key players of the combined unis of Cornwall?
Truro and Penwith colleges. Uni college of Falmouth and Exeter uni.
37
What are the strengths of the combined unis of Cornwall?
+Creates smarter people. +Increasing the economy for bars and restaurants. +Increased architecture makes the area look better. +Prevents brain drain.
38
What are the weaknesses of the combined unis of Cornwall?
-Not everyone can afford to pay for education. -Attracts low rent students. -Air and noise pollution.
39
Describe the characteristics of Dunkirk and Lenton.
Part of the inner city = less schools, families and green spaces. Student orientated area (low cost housing).
40
What was the highest proportion of age in Dunkirk and Lenton?
20-24.
41
What is the highest occupation level in Dunkirk and Lenton?
Elementary occupations are the highest - due to uni students.
42
What is the background to Glasgow’s rebranding?
Had a reputation of drug abuse and alcoholism, especially in the Gorbals (an area known for drug abuse, deprivation and crime). It’s a ship building industry collapsed due to competition. 1330 people died in 2021 due to drug abuse. It went through flagship rebranding.
43
What rebranding occurred in Glasgow?
Cultural- “Miles better” campaign led it to become 1990 capital of culture. Economic- created a marketing campaign to encourage private investment. Sport- Commonwealth games 2014, created 2100 jobs. Environmental- repurposed derelict land into green spaces. Infrastructure- 50 new subway stations were created.
44
What are the strengths of the Glasgow rebranding?
+Makes use of derelict space = more attractive. +Encourages gentrification of housing.
45
What are the weaknesses of the Glasgow rebranding?
-Costly to maintain. -Money spent on culture could have been spent on deprivation.
46
What is the background and who are the key players of the Brontë country.
Part of West Yorkshire and Lancashire. It’s a made up place. National trust is a key player.
47
Describe the rebranding of the Brontë country.
Farm diversification - farm shops, tea room, gallery, paint balling, 10 equestrian centres. 20 outdoor events - running since 2000, successful until the pandemic, farmers markets.
48
What is the background of the Kielder forests rural rebranding?
900000 salmon are bred here a year to replenish rivers. Population 194. Only 1 bus to Newcastle a week. Biggest man made forest in Europe. 50% of red forest population live here.
49
Who are the key players in the Kielder rebranding?
The forestry commission - 2.5 million new trees are planted each year, 500000 cubic metres of timber chopped.
50
Describe the rebranding of Kielder.
Observatory for tourism - there’s no light pollution, 45000 visitors since 2008. Reservoir - 345000 visitors, 11km long. Outdoor adventures - campsites, playground, garden centre, positive multiplier effect, attracted businesses.
51
What is the Grampound community shop?
A community shop that helps the village keep up with basic services. Helped with high isolation+travel costs. 257/280 households became shareholders.
52
What and where is Nottingham Science Park?
In Dunkirk and Lenton. Opportunity for pioneering, socially like-minded businesses to share and promote products, research/tech that contributes to innovation.
53
Which companies are investing in Nottingham Science Park?
CBRE. Scitech. Merit.
54
What are the strengths of Nottingham Science Park?
+Positive multiplier effect. +Speeds up science growth in the Midlands. +Creates 200 well-paying jobs.
55
What are the weaknesses of Nottingham Science Park?
-Doesn’t reverse the 4 Ds. -Website doesn’t work.
56
Why did Newham need regeneration?
Social - one of the most deprived areas in London. 56% of housing is rented - a lot of council housing - one of the most overcrowded housing estates in England. Unemployment rate is 6.7% (average 4.7%). Environmental - abandoned land was used as a dumping ground. Soil contained chemicals used in WW2 weapons. Lots of polluted land and water. Economic - 40% work full time, 6.7% unemployed. House prices increased whilst incomes stayed the same.
57
Who are the key players in Newham’s regeneration?
London government. East London host boroughs. Residents. Local organisations.
58
Describe the habitat plan for Newham Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park.
Creation of 45 hectares of wildlife habitat. 4000 trees and 400000 plants were planted. Polluted groundwater was treated.
59
Describe the recycling/reusing scheme from the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park.
200 buildings were used to create the park, 97% of this was reused.
60
Describe the Here East regeneration.
Digital and creative industry hub. Supports innovation and start up businesses. £100 million to redevelop. 3800 working onsite.
61
Describe the East Village regeneration.
Home to 6000 people. 2800 homes. Well-connected to London centre.
62
Describe the Westfield regeneration.
Well-connected. Created 10000 jobs, 3700 going to local people. 250 shops, 65 restaurants. Largest shopping centre in Europe.
63
What commitments did they make and break in 2005?
There was supposed to be 50% affordable housing, 100 community land trust homes. Broken promises: levels of affordable housing between 0-24%, no community land trust homes.

Geography Case Studies (8 decks)

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