Globalisation Flashcards
When were the SEZs in China created?
4 SEZs were set up in 1980 to make the market more open.
When and why were the SEZs upgraded?
1990, as China experienced economic growth and SEZs were upgraded and new zones were created with FDI.
When did China become the world’s top trading nation?
2013.
How much of China’s total FDI and exports are from SEZs?
45% - FDI, 60% - exports.
How many jobs were created due to SEZs?
30 million.
However, most of the development was global.
China in 2017.
China was the 3rd largest FDI recipient but foreign TNCs faced issues with poor intellectual property right, protection and legal uncertainties.
Describe North Korea as a switched off place.
They chose to remain politically isolated from the rest of the world since 1955.
Citizens don’t have access to the internet or social media.
There are no undersea data cables that connect to other countries.
How much water does Coca Cola make coke?
4 bottles of water for 1 bottle of coke.
How has Coca Cola impacted India?
It has lead to local water shortages in areas like Rajistan where they are suffereing from drought.
What TNCs are in China and why?
Honda and Toyota often creates products there due to SEZs (=cheap labour costs).
What happened in 2010 (Toyota and Honda)?
Workers went on strike and so wages went up by 30-65%.
How many people live in Mumbai?
22 million people, double that of 1970.
Why do people move to Mumbai?
Move from rural areas to find jobs with a range of skills.
Describe the demographic of Mumbai.
There are many wealthy and less wealthy people. Eg, Dharavi slum - home to 1 million people with pressure to redevelop this area.
How many people live in Karachi?
24 million people (2nd most populated mega city).
Why do people move to Karachi?
From rural areas for work.
Lots of internal migration.
There are a lot of skilled graduates due to its unis.
It’s the ex-capital of Pakistan.
How many Indian migrants live in UAE and what do they do?
2 million Indian migrants live there, which is 30% of the population.
They work in transport, construct and manufacturing.
These are examples of low-waged international migrants.
Why do wealthy Russians move to London?
As it is a key financial centre which provides investment opportunities and a world city lifestyle.
There was an inward flow of £250 billion between 2004-2013.
These are examples of elite international migrants (Russian oligarchs).
What is a typical Asian diet?
They are traditionally low in meat and high in veg.
How have diets in Asia changed?
In the 1990s, meat consumption per capita increased from 5kg-50kg.
What environmental impacts has a changing Asian diet had?
Livestock farming rises methane emissions. This has led to deforestation of the Amazon to make room for this.
How has the culture in Papua New Guinea changed?
In 2018, it was 116th out of 185 countries on the KOF index - fairly high for an isolated country (thanks to their economy). After it became independent, it retained strong economic links to Australia, so there were large cultural influences.
The diversity of tribal culture has reduced as tribes become more westernised and changing their traditional ways - eg wearing clothes.
Describe the EU as a trade bloc.
One of the world’s largest trading blocs.
Set up in 1950s to increase trade+economic growth - creates greater interdependence and reduces conflict.
27 members.
Allows free trade and movement and shared ideas and views.
When did the UK leave the EU?
UK left in 2020.
