Regeneration

Question 1

Migration and capital

Answer 1

• UK target for net migration is 100k people per year
• Net migration = Immigrants - Emigrants

Adv:

• Migrants have a positive affect due to innovation and mixed cultures
• Migrants can fill in skill shortages and work as doctors in NHS & pay taxes

Disadv:

• Pressure on services e.g housing and hospitals

Capital:

• Canary Wharf in London developed for financial services e.g JP Morgan services
• Conservative gov deregulated financial service sector under Margaret Thatcher in 1986 which brought FDI in London

Question 2

Success and regeneration

Answer 2

Successful regions:
- Attract workers
- Have good transport & technology
- Have some problems created by success
- London & NY very high property prices

Unsuccessful regions:
- Low investment
- High deprivation
- Unhappiness
- Ageing populations
- Spiral of decline

Spiral of decline = businesses falling, lost jobs, people leave, industries fail

Priorities for regeneration:
- Gated communities (Security gates)
- Sink estates (Social council housing)
- Commuter villages (Not enough services)
- Declining rural settlements

Question 3

Tension and conflict in communities

Answer 3

Tension and conflict can happen because:

• People feel frustrated about their position in society and lack a will to change it
• People feel helpless because of a lack of political engagement
• Segregation in society due to income inequality and a lack of opportunities
• Political viewpoints leading to conflict such as voting in the elections
• Discrimination like racism e.g London riots in 2011 due to Mark Duggan shooting

Question 4

Regeneration in the UK

Answer 4

Some quantitative methods:
- IMD
- Labour Force Surveys - avg incomes
- Census data - population growth, health

Some Qualitative methods:
- Photographs, documents
- Documentaries, Social media sources

National projects:
- HS2 rail link between London, Birmingham then Manchester and Leeds
- Broadband across UK e.g BT

Regulation:
- Development cannot happen in green belt lands

Question 5

Local government policies

Answer 5

• New roads and transport attracts new businesses and workers e.g Metrolink in Manchester expanded to Airport
• Science parks focus on R&D in partnership with universities to improve areas
• Interest groups support different interests ranging from Trade Unions, Environmental protection groups and Chambers of Commerce

Question 6

Regeneration strategies

Answer 6

• Retail led regeneration strategies involve large shopping malls e.f Westfield in Ldn
• Sport led regeneration strategies like Olympic Park in Stratford for cycling
• Culture led works on old buildings like Lowry Theatre in Salford
• Tourism led regeneration on historic cites such as British Museum