Regenerating Places Content Flashcards
What can lead to inequality between places in the Uk?
Older traditional communities remain economically marginal, seen by the loss of Tara Steel in 2016. In port Talbot there are large numbers of part time / full time employees dependent upon the success of secondary industries.
How does employment link to health and quality of life?
Working long hours has an increased risk to health through exposure to harmful chemicals which can lead to poor health.
Variations in income can affect the quality of people’s housing and diets
How does life expectancy vary across the UK?
Gender, income, occupation and education are key factors together with lifestyle choices (diet and smoking) all affect life expectancy
How does education vary across the UK?
Strongly linked to income levels.
Disadvantaged children less likely to continue on to further education eg University
What is the function of a place?
The different roles a place plays for its community and surroundings.
What is the characteristic of a place?
The physical and human aspects that help to distinguish one place from another.
What can cause changes in demography?
Ethnic composition
Gentrification
Age structure
What are the positives of gentrification?
Cities become more interesting for all income levels
Wealth increases
YUPEES
Service provision improves
Regeneration without the public sector spending
Increased property values
What are the negatives of gentrification?
Social character of an area changes
Working class residents displaced
Locals outpriced in the housing market
Social stratification
What are the positives of a change in ethnic composition?
Influx of new ideas
Fusion ideas
What are the negatives of changes to ethnic composition?
Social stratification
Negative tension between cultures
Segregation in the community
Positives of studentification?
Can be upskilling for the population as once qualified people may stay in the area after gaining degrees etc
Negatives of studentification?
Increase crime and antisocial behaviour
House prices decrease
Takeaways increase
Introduction of police patrols
Changes in land use
How do geographers measure changes within places?
Land use changes
Employment trends
Demographic changes
Levels of deprivation
What are employment trends?
Tertiary, secondary, primary or quaternary industry
Full time/ part time / zero hours / unemployed
How many have a degree
Avg income
What are examples of demographic trends?
Life expectancy
Age structure
Ethnicity
Infant mortality
What are the advantages of using census data?
Carried out every 10 years
Most wide ranging survey of population
Numerous indicators make it very detailed
Anonymous
What are the disadvantages of using census data?
Takes years to process data so by the time it’s used it’s out of date
Anonymity means that 1=3 to protect identities
Other methods collect good / better data for examples doctors records
Only done every 10yrs so doesn’t allow for change.
How is Birmingham regionally influential?
Connected via m42,m5,m6 and the m40
Birmingham largest metropolitan area locally
How is Swansea regionally influential?
Port Talbot has the Port Talbot enterprise zone on the water front.
Brangwyn Hall for music events.
Meridian Quay- tallest building in Wales
What national influence does Birmingham have?
Home to the Bullring shopping centre attracting 38 million visitors per year
Strong political figures - Mayor is Mohammed Azim.
What national influence does Swansea have?
Has the Gower Peninsula and Oxwich Bay
Well connected by boat and rail
How is Birmingham internationally influential?
1/5 Birmingham population born overseas
Birmingham has 7th busiest airport in the UK
Birmingham to host 2022 Commonwealth games
How does Swansea have international influence?
7.2% born overseas
Overshadowed by Cardiff which is much more highly regenerated and very close in proximity.
What are the features of a successful place?
Low deprivation
High skilled
High employment
High property prices
Inward migration
Strong infrastructure
What is a sink estate?
Housing estates categorised by high levels of economic and social deprivation and crime, particularly domestic violence, drugs and gang welfare.
What are the priorities for regeneration in sink estates?
Improved housing
Job provision
Education to allow for employment
Income
What is the example of a sink estate?
Hulme Manchester
What is a commuter village?
Settlements where a large % of the population that live there commute daily or weekly to larger settlements.
What are the priorities for regeneration in commuter villages?
Transport
Infrastructure
Rural Ideal
What is an example of a commuter village?
Bishops Cleeve
St Albans
What is a gated community?
Landscapes of surveillance with cctv and 24/7 surveillance individual buildings and groups of houses normally surrounded by gates
What are the priorities for regeneration within gated communities?
Reducing crime by increasing security
Keeping non residents out
Strictly controlled entrances
What is an example of gated communities?
Redeveloped London Docklands
Lots of segregation, marginalisation and inequality in gated communities
How does civic engagement vary within societies?
Engagement is much higher in commuter villages due to wealth, affluence, and a standard to live up to in the community to be seen a certain way. Children partake in clubs which parents run / volunteer
Why are commuter villagers more likely to be engaged?
Parents in a double parent household (free time)
Affluence / wealth
May be brought up with their parents being involved so this trait is passed on
Stay at home parents while other parent works etc
What is civic engagement?
The ways in which people participate in their community in order to improve their quality of life for others or to shape the future of their community.
Why do levels of engagement vary?
Social class
Age
Level of attachment
How can we assess the need for regeneration?
Future events Crime levels Deprivation levels Type of people who live there Environment quality Civic engagement levels Demographic change.
