Refresher test #2 Flashcards
How many workers must be at a Josie before a first aid kit is required?
One or more
When removing trench shooting, the uprights are pulled out
After backfilling has been completed
OSHA requires employers to provide ladders, steps, ramps, or other safe means of egress for workers working in trench excavations _________or deeper
4 feet (1.22 meters)
The width of a bench directly above any particular rise shall not be less than ______ times the height of that rise
1.5 times
Ex: rise is 4’, the width of the next landing should be at least 6’
Scaffolds are required when demolition work is more than _____ above the floor or grade
3M
10’
Trench shoring consisting of uprights, stringers, and struts is known as
Skeleton shoring
The structure of the occupational safety and health committee is outlined in the
Industrial Health and Safety Regulations
What is the correct slope ratio for trenches
3:4
Prior to getting permission to start building in a New Subdivision, the owner of the subdivision must apply for and receive a
Development permit
Contractors who want to demolish a building must have a demolition permit to
Prevent a heritage building from being demolished
Who is permitted to apply for a gas permit
A: landlord
B: general contractor
c: tenant
D: plumbing or gas contractor
D: plumbing or gas contractor
A concrete-form inspection is required when?
And why?
Before the concrete is placed
To check the bearing conditions of the ground
To see if the form work is too close to the property line
Framing inspections are required before or after all electrical and plumbing is roughed in
After
When gas service lines are inspected, they are subjected to a
Pressure test
Who makes the final inspection of a building
Building inspector
Hire many sets of plans (blueprints) are required to get a building permit for commercial construction?
Six
What is the earliest stage of construction the surveyors will conduct a survey, for purposes of Surveyors certificate showing the location of the building on the lot
After wall forms are erected
On new construction, the first inspection by the builder is required prior to
Placing concrete in concrete forms
Prior to applying insulation and Vapor barrier, you will require approval from who
The electrical inspector
The purpose of a water-and a sewer-connection permit is to allow city hall to register the
Date to start charging for those services
A solid fuel burning appliance (wood stove) will require an inspection by the
Building inspector
If you wish to start construction before architectural drawings are completed, you can do so if you acquire
Development permit
Prior to allowing people to move into a new house, the contractor out home owners must apply for and be awarded
An occupancy permit
Lag bolts have a threaded portion that is similar to
Similar to a wood screw
When using polysulphide-base caulking, operators are required to wear
Gas tight goggles and gloves in well ventilated areas
Is a hardcore caulking
Used for concrete
Can cause kidney failure
Major categories of caulk?
Silicone: bathrooms, hydrophobic, does not like water, not good on the exterior, can’t paint over it
Butyl-rubber caulk is a specialty caulk for outdoor use only. It is the best exterior caulk for roofing construction and repairs, since it can withstand extreme temperatures and creates a strong, insulating and water-tight seal.
Exterior would be polyurethane because it good with uv, is water resistant, still not good with paint, try to colour match
For expansion joints, polysulphide, a5 gallon pail
What are the three categories of sealant
can be categorised broadly as
resin-based sealants,
glass ionomer sealants and
hybrid sealants
What do you do for an expansion joint
Put backer Rod and polysulphide
What is concrete composed of
Cement, water and aggregates
Cement is the magical ingredient in concrete
The maximum size of the aggregates should be _____ of the width of the unreinforced wall member
One fifth
Need to vary aggregate sizes
Water cement ratio
If there is too much water in a concrete mixture, the concrete will be weak, you can compensate by adding ______
A plasticizer
A lot water-cement ratio in concrete will make
Strong concrete
How would you check the consistancy of a concrete mixture before you pour
Do a slump test
What is a slump test
Fill a cone (8” bottom, 4” top, one foot high) with concrete then pull it off
The distance from the top of the cone to the top of the resulting pile is the slump
When microscopic air bubbles are placed in concrete, the process is called
Air entrainment
An air entraining agent should not be specified or used for concrete to be given a smooth, dense, hard-troweled finish because _____________
blistering or delamination may occur
When pouring concrete in the winter an ___________ may need to be added
An excellerator
Makes things happen faster
Concrete defect
Too much water causes
Dusting
Concrete defect
Under or over consolidation (vibrating) causes
Honeycombing
Tiny holes everywhere
Concrete should be poured at a rate of _______
3-4 feet per hour
The mass of one cubic meter is approximately
2400 kg
2.4 kg/m3
Drill a hole off about 75mm diameter in a concrete wall, the best combination to use would be a
Rotary hammer with a core bit
Safety harness
Need to be rated at
5000lbs
Safety harness
Rope has to be rated
6000lbs
More than a harness which is 5000lbs because you lose strength when you tie it
Safety restraint is rated at
800lbs
The fixed reticle on an optical level is also known as the
Crosshairs
When levelling an optical levelling instrument, the bubble moves in the direction of the
Left thumb when turning the levelling screw
At what height does scaffolding require a guardrail
3000mm
10’
How to set up a tripod on a hill
One leg at the top, two legs down
How to check a builders roof for plumb
Make circles or move it back and forth
The lowest measurement is plumb
Minimum width of a wooden scaffold plank
10”
Should be 20” or two 2x10 doubled up
How often do you tie off a scaffold
1st row is 3x the base
After that tie off every 20’
20’ up vertical
21’ horizontal
What is the maximum height of a free standing scaffold
Three times it’s minimum base dimension
Rung spacing for a Jobsite ladder
12” o/c
Job-built ladders must have a minimum distance between the side rails no less than
15 inches
The members that incorporate stability into tube and clamp scaffold are
Face, sway, internal braces
The safety factor for ropes used to support a worker is
10
A right lay fibre route should be cooled
Clockwise
To fasten two large diameter ropes together, use what kind of knot
Carrick bend
The double basket hitch should be set so that the angle to the Hirixontsl is never less than
60 degrees
Equilateral triangle
Crane hand signal
Thumbs up or down
Raise/lower the boom
When building batter boards, why are horizontals nailed onto the outside of the verticals, away from the excavation
The pull of the line holds the members together
If the soil at the site is very soft and crumbling, what effect does this have on the placement of the batter boards
They are moved further from the excavation
If the string lines are to be in place for extended periods, they should be checked
At least once a day
The main purpose of batter boards is to help
Position the building on the lot
If height is a problem when setting batter boards, the lowest you can set them is to clear the
Footings
What are the three main objectives in concrete formwork construction
Quality, strength and safety
What is the name for the system of structural supports and bracing required for the support of temporary loads during construction
Falsework
If any changes to a tilt up panel occur, what must be done
Changes are authorized by a registered engineer
Lumber for concrete formwork should be
A: very dry
B: Very wet
C: partially seasoned
D: green or fresh-cut
C: partially seasoned
What are disconnecting ties used for
Very thick or heavy castings
Two common types of internally disconnecting form ties are the coil tie and the she-bolt tie. Both have reusable end bolts that unscrew from the inner tie rod member, which stays in the concrete.
For light or low forming, wood braces are attached to
Stakes
Although turnbuckles are better
What is cast into a concrete wall to secure counter flashing
Reglets
What is done to tall forms to guard against their failure
Place tires and wallets close together near the bottom
Concrete forming
What aspect of a form wall has the most impact on the pressure
The height of the wall
Which of the following may be used to create a textured face on a concrete wall
A: Rustication strips
B: Edge forms
C: Screeds
D: Overlaid plywood
A: rustication strips
3 reasons
A: decoration
B: to hide a pour height seam
C: control joint
What is the purpose of a keyway
It prevents lateral or vertical movement between sections
In the welded wire mesh description “254x254 x P13/p13” what does P13 mean
Area of the cross section of the wire
Mesh for slab on grade
Which kind of reglet needs no caulking
Cast-in- place
When all the components of a cast in place structure are placed at the same time, the placement is described as
Monolithic
Bulkheads, blockouts, and door and windows bucks are all installed in wall forms
Before all the ties are in place
The correct time to align the tips of any wall forming system is
Once one side is complete
What is a spandrel beam
The beam at the outer edge of the slab
How is the precise column-form height usually obtained
Built slightly short then shimmed up
Which slab uses drop panels and capitals
Flat-slab
What is the difference between flat slab and flat plate
Simple
Flat plate doesn’t have protrusions at the bottom
Long answer
The flat plate is a two-way reinforced concrete framing system utilizing a slab of uniform thickness, the simplest of structural shapes.
The flat slab is a two-way reinforced structural system that includes either drop panels or column capitals at columns to resist heavier loads and thus permit longer spans
What is a waffle slab
A waffle slab, also known as a two-way joist slab or ribbed slab, consists of a grid of deep beams or joists intersecting at regular intervals, creating a waffle-like pattern. The beams or joists are supported by columns, and the spaces between them are filled with a relatively thin concrete slab. This design creates a system of ribs that enhance the slab’s stiffness and load-carrying capacity.
What distinguishes a rubber slab from a waffle slab
Waffle slabs are stronger
Vertical shores must be secured at their top and bottom to
Prevent their accidental displacement
Where would you find specifications for centre to centre locations of machine based anchor bolts
On approved shop drawings
When anchor bolt ties are used to prevent the bolts from withdrawing, where should the ties be placed
Just above the bend in the bolts
Stairs often have metal plates embedded at regular intervals to
Secure metal railings
Which of the following is a very important aspect of placing formwork for dock levellers
Ensure that forms do not float
To ensure a good connection between concrete and deformed dowels, the fields should be embedded into each concrete section a distance of at least
30 bar diameters
Name the part of a concrete stair forms that supports the underside of the stair while the concrete is placed
Soffit
To ease form stripping for precast concrete stairs you would
Oil and/or taper the forms before placing the concrete
What is the definition of run
The total horizontal distance covered by the stair or the distance from riser to riser
Total rise is 4455mm, unit rise is 165mm. What is the highest riser at which the landing can be placed
22
The vibrator should be inserted into the concrete vertically at intervals equal to the radius of action multiplied by
1.5
In hot weather, extra water is sometimes added to concrete mix. The effect on the finished product is
Lower ultimate strength
Deflecting concrete against rebar or baffles during placement can cause
Segregation
High early strength concrete can be obtained using
Type 30 cement
The greatest strength gain in normal concrete is within the first three days
What kind of forms are most commonly used in tilt up construction
Wood
What is between stairwells and fly forms
Filler panels
Why are bracing and anchoring so important when installing ganged or giant forms
The panels are often exposed to wind loading
Slip forms are usually battered up to
4mm in 1200mm
To avoid fins of concrete at joints in wood mould, what is usually done
Openings are taped or filled
When should forms be cleaned and oiled
Just after they are stripped
When a monolithic suspended slab with columns and beams is ready for firm removal, which component is stripped after the beam bottoms
Column forms
Why is it a good idea to leave a few wall ties in place until forms are loosened from the concrete
Keeps the forms from breaking loose accidentally
What procedure should you follow to dismantle concrete formwork
Remove shores in accordance with engineers design plans
Reshores under flat slabs should be placed so that they are
Directly below loading points imposed on the slab
