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Imaging Maintenance and Equipment > Refresher Part II > Flashcards

Refresher Part II Flashcards

1
Q

When x-yr is centered above the examination table at the standard SID, the x-ray is in a […]

A

Preferred detent position

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2
Q

Support system equipped in interventional radiology suites
Ceiling mounted and provide for very flexible x-yr tube positioning

A

C-Arm support system

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3
Q

External components of X-ray tube

A

Protective housing
Glass or metal enclosure

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4
Q

[protective housing] Special section where where x-rays are emitted

A

Window

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5
Q

X-rays that are emitted through the window

A

Useful beam

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6
Q

X-rays that escape through the protective housing

A

Leakage radiation

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7
Q

Level of reduction of leakage radiation in the protective housing

A

Less than 1 mGa/hr at 1 m

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8
Q

Guards against excessive radiation exposure and electric shock
Provides mechanical support and protects damage caused by rough handling

A

Protective housing

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9
Q

Function of oil in X-ray tube

A

Serves as both an insulator against electric shock and as a thermal cushion

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10
Q

Made of Pyrex and able to withstand the tremendous heat generated
Maintains a vacuum inside the tube which allows for more efficient production and longer tube life

A

Glass enclosure

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11
Q

Two electrodes in X-ray tube

A

Cathode ad anode

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12
Q

Maintain constant electric potential between the electrons of the tube current and the enclosure

A

Metal enclosure

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13
Q

Internal components of an X-ray tube [cathode]

A

Filament
Focusing cup

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14
Q

The negative side of the X-ray tube

A

Cathode

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15
Q

It is a coil of wire approx. 2mm in diameter and 1 or 2 cm long
Emits electrons when it is heated

A

Filament

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16
Q

The phenomenon when the current through the filament is sufficiently high, the outer-shell electrons of the filament atoms are “boiled off” and ejected from the filament

A

Thermionic emission

17
Q

Makes up the filament
Provides for higher thermionic emission
Does not vaporize easily
Melting point is 3410 degrees

A

Thoriated tungsten

18
Q

1% to 2% added to tungsten filament to enhance efficiency of thermionic emission and prolongs tube life

A

Thorium

19
Q

Metal shroud where the filament is embedded
Negatively charged

A

Focusing cup

20
Q

Effectiveness of focusing cup is determined by […], […] and […]

A

Size, shape and position of the filament

21
Q

Designed to be turned on and off rapidly
Used in portable capacitor discharge imaging systems

A

Grid-controlled tubes

22
Q

Cloud of electrons

A

Space charge

23
Q

Phenomenon where space charge makes it difficult for subsequent electrons to be emitted bu the filament because of electrostatic repulsion

A

Space charge effect

24
Q

Positive side of X-ray tube
Conducts electricity and radiates heat and contains target

A

Anode

25
Q

Types of anode

A

Stationary and rotating anode

26
Q

Anode tube used in dental and portal imaging systems

A

Stationary anode

27
Q

Internal components [anode]

A

Target
Rotating anode

28
Q

Three functions of anode

A

Electrical conductor [receives electrons from emitted by cathode]
Mechanical support
Thermal dissipater

29
Q

Most common anode materials

A

Copper, molybdenum and graphite

30
Q

Material of choice for target

A

Tungsten

31
Q

Three main reasons [tungsten material for target]

A
  1. Atomic number -74 [high efficiency x-ray production]
  2. Thermal conductivity
  3. High melting point - 3400 degrees C
32
Q

Target material for special X-ray tubes [mammography]

A

Molybdenum and rhodium - low k characteristic, low atomi number

33
Q

[atomic number]
Tungsten
Molybdenum
Rhodium

A

74
42
45

34
Q

Allows the electron beam to interact with much larger target area; therefore, heating of anode is not confined to one small spot

A

Rotation anode

35
Q

Used to turn the anode

A

Electromagnetic induction motor

36
Q

Induction motor two principal parts - separated by glass enclosure

A

Stator and rotor

37
Q

[induction motor] part outside the glass
Consists of a series of electromagnets equally spaced around the neck of the tube

A

Stator

38
Q

[induction motor] part inside enclosure
Shaft made of bars of copper and soft iron fabricated into one mass

A

Rotor

Imaging Maintenance and Equipment (6 decks)

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