Refractive Errors, Anomalies and Diseases of the Eye, and Refractive surgeries

Question 1

The refractive condition that brings parallel rays of light to focus on the retina when the eye is at rest is called:

Answer 1

Emmetropia

Question 2

The refractive condition in which parallel rays of light focus either in front of or behind the retina when the eye is at rest is called:

Answer 2

Ametropia

Question 3

Which best identifies the visual system: Plus, minus, aspheric, lenticular

Answer 3

Plus

Question 4

If light rays come to a point focus at one place in front of the retina, what is the refractive error?

Answer 4

Myopia

Question 5

If the light rays come to a point focus at one place in front of the retina and another place behind the retina, what is the refractive error?

Answer 5

Mixed astigmatism

Question 6

If light rays come to a point focus at one point in front of the retina in one principle meridian, and one point on the retina in the opposite principle meridian, what is the refractive error?

Answer 6

Simple myopic astigmatism

Question 7

If light rays come to a point focus at one point behind the retina in one principle meridian, and one point on the retina in the opposite principle meridian, what is the refractive error?

Answer 7

Simple hyperopic astigmatism

Question 8

If light rays come to a focus at one point behind the retina, what is the refractive error?

Answer 8

Hyperopia

Question 9

If light rays come to a point at two different points behind the retina in opposite principle meridians, what is the refractive error?

Answer 9

Compound hyperopic astigmatism

Question 10

If light rays come to a point focus at two different points in front of the retina in opposite principle meridians, what is the refractive error?

Answer 10

Compound myopic astigmatism

Question 11

If all light rays come to a point focus on the retina, what is the condition?

Answer 11

Emmetropia

Question 12

What is a general term for any error of refraction in the eye?

Answer 12

Ametropia

Question 13

Nearsightedness is also referred to as what?

Answer 13

Short sight

Question 14

Farsighted is also referred to as what?

Answer 14

Long sight

Question 15

Myopia is corrected with what type of lens?

Answer 15

Concave

Question 16

Hyperopia is corrected with what type of lens?

Answer 16

Convex

Question 17

Irregular astigmatism is the condition whereby

Answer 17

The principle meridians are not at right angles to one another and are better corrected with the use of contact lenses

Question 18

If a 45 year old patient presents with the chief complaint, “I see alright to read during the day, but I need more light to read at night,” what is their most likely condition?

Answer 18

Presbyopia

Question 19

What is a primary cause of presbyopia?

Answer 19

Hardening of the crystalline lens

Question 20

The ability to accommodate can be identified as

Answer 20

The bulging or plussing of the crystalline lens of the eye when looking at near objects

Question 21

In addition to reduction in accommodative ability, presbyopic patients may also experience: Reduction in contrast sensitivity, reduced ability to cope with glare, slower visual processing, all of the above

Answer 21

All of the above

Question 22

Correction for presbyopia include: Bifocals, single vision readers, progressive addition lenses, all of the above

Answer 22

All of the above

Question 23

The following Rx is an indication of what type of refractive disorder?
OD -5.00 -1.00 x180
OS +2.00 -1.00 x180

Answer 23

Antimetropia

Question 24

The following Rx is an indication of what type of refractive disorder?
OD +5.00 -1.00 x180
OS +2.00 -1.00 x180

Answer 24

Anisometropia

Question 25

What is a good way to explain 20/20 vision?

Answer 25

It is identified as a quantitative measure of the ability of the eye to identify the smallest elements of a letter or object to correctly identify the letter or object