Reforming the English church Flashcards

1
Q

Church under West Saxon and Danish Kings

A

Little separation between church and state
Papacy’s influence limited

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2
Q

Anglo Saxon background

A

Obsessed with moral condition
Much concern with enforcing Christian law and reforming church- conduct of clergy- aversion of God’s wrath

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3
Q

Cnut’s Oxford Law code

A

Honour one god
Just laws
Consolidate royal authority
Danish church reform

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4
Q

Reform movements concerns

A

Eradicating secular lordship
Gregory VII

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5
Q

William I and the papacy

A

Had to manage the church in a way that would ensure it still supported the regime

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6
Q

How did the papacy show its support for William I’s regime?

A

Helping of removal of Archbishop Stigand

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7
Q

When was Lanfranc appointed Archbishop of Canterbury?

A

1070

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8
Q

Why was Lanfranc chosen as Archbishop of Canterbury?

A

Papal approval
Could be trusted to manage the English church that would limit the papal reform movement and preserve king’s authority

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9
Q

William I moves

A

Lanfranc as Archbishop of C
Established separate system of ecclesiastical courts

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10
Q

Separate system of ecclesiastical courts

A

Allowed bishops to establish their own courts, two systems of justice

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11
Q

What can England can be defined as under West Saxon and Danish kings

A

A theocracy

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12
Q

Lanfranc’s policies

A

Pursuit of the ‘primacy’
Plan to create a pan-Brittanic patriarchate

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13
Q

Problems w Lanfranc’s plans

A

Papacy opposed- extra layers of jurisdiction would reduce the amount of business coming into its court
The canons of St Peters cathedral York saw it as a challenge to their own status

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14
Q

Aspects of Lanfranc’s reform programme

A

Some trivial things eg changing dates of certain feasts

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15
Q

Lanfranc’s monastic reforms

A

Suppression of masturbation, sodomy and unnatural relations- indicated English church was in a moral crisis

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16
Q

Lanfranc’s actions (3)

A

Reform programme
Monastic reforms
Relocation of sees

17
Q

Relocation of sees

A

eg Bishop Peter moved his see from Lichfield to Chester

18
Q

Point of Lanfranc’s reforms

A

Demonstrated that the church needed it
Papal reformers could be reassured

19
Q

Winning acceptance for the conquest

A

Wanted to make the Normans look moral
Reforms helped to legitimise the conquest

20
Q

New Norman churches

A

Built very fast
Often viewed as one of the Norman eras biggest achievements, but did destroy all pre-Norman churches

21
Q

Why rebuild churches?

A

Legitimacy of the Norman regime
Worthiness of Abbotts and bishops who had taken over
Earlier churches were a symbol of Gods approval for the Anglo-Saxons church and its incumbents

22
Q

Lanfranc’s success?

A

Largely successful ion averting papal disapproval and legitimising the conquest
Gregory VII’s incompetence helped

23
Q

William II and the church

A

Increased financial exploitation of church as he wanted to conquer Normandy
This was ok because papal reform movement flopping

24
Q

Election of Anselm

A

Far less willing than Lanfranc to ignore excesses of the king
Receptive to the ideas of the papacy
Fell out with king- exile

25
Henry I and Anselm
Henry wanted Anselm to legitimise his coup but they fell out Anselm belived in the evils of investiture and ecclesiastical homage- refused to do homage to the new king and to consecrate the bishops that Henry had appointed (Eadmer) Eventually Anselm enacted a few canons attending to Henry's anxieties
26
Who accounted that Anselm refused to do homage to Henry I and consecrate his bishops?
Eadmer
27
Anselm's reform programme
For the most part, used canons to promote the ideals cherished by the papal reform movement, eg condemned simony, chastity etc
28
Henry I and the enforcement of clerical celibacy
Could have been a ruse to raise more money for Henry to secure Normandy However also a political manoeuvre to prevent full implementation of the canons
29
Anselm's successors
Ralph d’Escures and William de Corbeil more compliant but also less effective when it came to defending the kings interests against the papacy
30
Who accounted the Norman building programme and their destruction of pre-conquest churches?
Eric C Fernie
31
Who spoke about issues of William w papacy because he sought papal approval for the conquest?
William of Jumiges
32
Monastic reform under the Anglo-Saxons
Believed in the evils of secular lordship Reforms relied on royal authority
33
Why were the Norman rulers unable to recieve the same support from the papacy as their predecessors?
Papal revolution occured Rise of Gregory VII- eradication of secular and royal lordship over the church
34
What was the primacy?
The belief that the Archbishop of Canterbury should have spiritual jurisdiction over all bishoprics