Reformers Flashcards
Luther - Lord’s Supper
Unio sacramentalis (“sacramental unity” between outward sign and inward sign). Real presence of Christ in, with, and under the forms of consecrated bread and wine.
Rejected transubstantiation and ex opere operato (preferring consubstantiation and ex opere operantis, by the work of the doer)
Three aspects of the Supper in Luther’s view
(1) Faith in the promise of God
(2) The presence of the physical sign accompanying the promise
(3) The fruits resulting from the sacrament (building community, assurance of forgiveness, renewed life in Christ)
Zwingli - Lord’s Supper
Memorial view: symbolizes the body and blood of Christ and is meant to make the believer remember the sacrifice of Christ for sin
-Zwingli could not get past the fact that Christ is in heaven at the right hand of the Father
Simons - Baptism
Believer’s baptism
- An experience of the new birth is a prerequisite for water baptism
- Regeneration and conversion are the hallmarks of Anabaptism
(first ana baptism 1525)
Calvin - Lord’s Supper
Spiritual presence: real presence but not substantial presence (really and truly present through the presence of the Spirit, but substantially in the food)
- the sign and seal of our sanctification
- not efficacious on its own, but testify of grace
Calvin - Benefits of Lord’s Supper
- nourish
- refresh
- strengthen
- gladden
Simons - Lord’s Supper
Denied trans
took Zwingli’s view
said “Jesus is present with his grace, spirit, and promise”
Calvin - Baptism
“Our entrance into the Church and the symbol of our engrafting into Christ”
-should be administered to everyone in the visible church, but believed it was designed to confirm faith in the elect
-baptism is the sign and seal of justification
-outward sign of what God does inwardly
(not efficacious on its own, but testifies of grace)
Luther - Baptism
The liturgical enactment of justification by faith alone
-water does not have the power, but the Word of God that is in and with the water and faith that trusts such word in the water
But supported infant baptism with various arguments
- children are brought to faith by others
- analogous to circumcision (both are seals of God’s promise to his people)
Luther - Effects of Baptism
- forgiveness of sins
- deliverance from death
- eternal salvation to all who believe
Zwingli - Baptism
A human action made in response to God’s prior act and word
- Believed the children of Christians were saved because of the covenant of grace
- Believed it was primarily not for the participant, but to inform the whole church of one’s inward faith wrought by the baptism of the HS
- It pledged the participant to a lifelong process of mortifying the flesh
