Reform Movement Flashcards
Abolition Movement Goals
bring an end to slavery: slave rebellions, recolonization, immediate abolition, underground railroad
American Colonization Society
founded by Paul Cuffe, the goal was to recolonize black people and slaves and bring them back to Africa, the idea was too expensive and wasn’t supported by black people since they had no cultural roots to Africa
Underground Railroad
pathway system with “conductors” who would guide slave escapees to free states. Route changed to Canada after Fugitive Slave Act.
Fugitive Slave Act 1850
gave the ability to catch slavery escapees without having to go to the court and claim the slave is theirs, changed UR route to Canada
US vs Amistad Court Case
foreign policy issue since Amistad was a Spanish ship, ruled that slaves can stay
Three Slave Rebellions
Denmark Vesey: Take an arsenal - arm the slaves, Failed idea, never happened because someone told their owner
Nat Turner: killed 60 people, Virginia arsenal
John Brown: Harper’s Ferry arsenal, never happened because he was arrested before it could.
Transcendentalism and its Philosophy
Created by Emerson, the belief that nature is religion
Hudson River School or Art paintings
created by Thomas Cole, painters traveled west to paint landscapes to portray nature
Horace Mann Reform on Education
first education reformer wanted to give teachers proper professional training, remove religion from the curriculum
Declaration of Sentiments
mimicked the Declaration of Independence, was written at the Seneca Falls Convention for women’s rights; right to own property, have custody of children, etc. Right to vote wasn’t given until 20th century
Manifest Destiny
the belief that it was America’s divine right to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean
Reasons Americans went to Texas
Mexico invited Americans to Texas to cultivate the land and offered land grants to Moses Austin. Offered land for cheap.
Problems with Americans living in Texas
Texans had to become Mexican citizens and follow Mexican laws such as being Catholic and having no slaves.
Texas Revolution
other Texans go after Santa Anna and win without the help of US government. Texas becomes an independent country for 9 years not under US Jurisdiction after making treaty with Mexico.
Politics of why the Alamo was not supported by the United States
US would be declaring war with Mexico if they sent troops, Texas wasn’t a part of the US.
Politics of the Annexation of Texas
Texas was a slave state, if annexed Congress believed it would be unfair to free states and expand slavery. Mexico also still believed Texas was under their control even though Texas was already its own country.
Conflict with England over the 54 40 Boundary in Canada
Americans believed that we should take the Oregon territory and North to Canada.
Agreement with England over the disputed territory in Canada
49 parallel boundary by Washington state
Reason for the Mexican-American War
disputed over Texas boundary: US believed Rio Grande river to be the boundary, Mexico thought the Nueces river should be the boundary.
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
ends war, US buys territory of Texas and California for 15 million.
Wilmot Proviso
raised the idea that slavery should not be spread to the newly acquired territories
Donner Party Ordeal
Donner Party took the wrong shortcut south of the Great Lake and ended up being their downfall. Temporarily discouraged people from going west.
Positive and Negative Impacts of the California Gold Rush
after Donner Party fright, tons of people go to California area where gold was discovered to try and strike it rich. Area was crowded and diseases were spread. Barely any people actually found gold.
