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RUSVM Anatomy II Final Exam Questions > Reflexes and Reactions > Flashcards

Reflexes and Reactions Flashcards

1
Q

What does a reaction require than a reflex does not?

A

Requires cortical input- perception of noxious stimuli

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2
Q

Which is voluntary, a reaction or reflex?

A

A reaction is voluntary

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3
Q

What is an example of a reflex occurring without a reaction?

A

UMN lesion (upper motor neuron lesion)

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4
Q

What is a reflex arc also known as?

A

Spinal reflex

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5
Q

What is a patterned motor response to a sensory stimulus?

A

A spinal reflex or reflex arc

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6
Q

What is the afferent component of a spinal reflex?

A

Sensory component

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7
Q

What is the efferent component of a spinal reflex?

A

Motor component

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8
Q

Spinal reflexes are influenced by what kind of neurons?

A

UMN

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9
Q

Pupillary Light Reflex

A 
Afferent II (2)
Efferent III (3)
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10
Q

Corneal Reflex

A

Afferent: Ophthalmic branch of V (5)
Efferent: VI (6)

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11
Q

Palpebral Reflex

A

Afferent: Maxillary branch of V (5)
Efferent: VII (7)

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12
Q

Paniculus Reflex is a reflex of the ______ ______

A

cutaneous trunci

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13
Q

What reflex would you see only in an abnormal animal?

A

Crossed- Extensor Reflex

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14
Q

What is another name for a tendon tap or stretch reflex?

A

Myotatic Reflex

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15
Q

Menace RESPONSE

A

Afferent: II (2)
Efferent: VII (7)

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16
Q

Cutaneous Trunci/ Panniculus Reflex tests the integrity of what?

A

receptors, lateral thoracic nerve, spinal cord

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17
Q

How is a Cutaneous Trunci/ Panniculus Reflex Test conducted?

A

By pinching the skin over the dermatomes in the thoracolumbar region of the back

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18
Q

What are the afferents and efferents associated with the Cutaneous Trunci/ Panniculus Reflex?

A

Afferent: Superficial pain receptors
Efferent: Run via lateral thoracic nerve from C8/T1

19
Q

What action occurs in the Cutaneous Trunci/ Panniculus Reflex?

A

Contraction of cutaneous trunci muscles bilaterally- skin twitch

20
Q

What does the Cutaneous Trunci/ Panniculus Reflex detect?

A

Damage between T2 and L4

21
Q

Withdrawal Reflex: Would you see it in normal or abnormal animal?

A

Normal animal

22
Q

What are the afferents of the Withdrawal Reflex?

A

proprioceptors

some nociceptors and thermoreceptors

23
Q

Name the reflex or reaction:

Stimulation of plantar surface of paw is
carried (Via tibial n. and sciatic n.) to segments
L6 to S1(2)
→ activates a reflex arc at this level
of the spinal cord which excites LMN to the
sciatic n.
→ signal is shared with nearby spinal
segments via interneurons to activate all flexors
of the leg to withdraw limb away from stimulus

→ different interneurons also serve to inhibit the
extensors of the leg so that flexion may occur

A

Withdrawal reflex

24
Q

What happens in a Crossed-Extensor Reflex?

A

Extension of the limb OPPOSITE to the stimulus

25
Q

Crossed-Extensor Reflex is ________ in a recumbent neurological exam.

A

abnormal

26
Q

What reflex is seen in animals with spinal cord damage cranial to the limb that shows the reflex?

A

Crossed-Extensor Reflex

27
Q

In a withdrawal reflex, extensors are inhibited and flexors are activated. In a Crossed-Extensor Reflex, extensors are __________ and flexors are _________.

A

Extensors activated

Flexors inhibited

28
Q

What action occurs in the Perineal Reflex?

A

Contraction of the anal sphincter muscle

29
Q

How is the Perineal Reflex carried out?

A

By pinching the skin of the anus or perineum to activate touch pressure receptors/nociceptors

30
Q

What are the afferents of the Perineal Reflex from?

A

The pudendal nerve

31
Q

What does the Perineal Reflex test the integrity of?

A

The pudendal nerve

Segments S1 to S3

32
Q

What reflex is seen in the normal animal but absent in an animal with spinal cord disease?

A

Perineal Reflex

33
Q

What are other names for the Myotatic Reflex?

A

Muscle spindle reflex
Tendon tap reflex
Stretch reflex

34
Q

The Myotatic Reflex is related to a ________ in tone of the muscle being stretched.

A

Increase

35
Q

What types of stretch can be tested by the Myotatic Reflex?

A

Tonic Stretch Reflex &

Phasic Stretch Reflex

36
Q

What does the tonic stretch reflex determine?

A

Resistance to passive movement

37
Q

How is a phasic stretch reflex carried out?

A

By using a reflex hammer to strike the tendon and rapidly stretch the muscle

38
Q

Where do the afferents from the Myotatic Reflex come from?

A

From muscle spindle receptors sensing muscle stretch

39
Q

How is a Deep Pain Response carried out?

A

By pinching the nail bed in order to activate the periosteum of the bone

40
Q

What does the Deep Pain Response test?

A

Tests deep pain (nociceptor) pathways cranial to the segments innervating the limb being tested

41
Q

Deep Pain Response is seen in normal animal but absent in animal with what?

A

Absent in animals with lesions cranial to the test limb

42
Q

In a Deep Pain Response test, you will want to pinch harder and harder until you see a _________ response from the animal.

A

Behavioral Response

43
Q

If there is no Deep Pain Response, there is severe damage to the ______ _______ and emergency medicine is require to relieve pressure.

A

Spinal cord

RUSVM Anatomy II Final Exam Questions (11 decks)

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