Reflexes Flashcards
Why do we measure reflexes?
Measurement of stretch reflexes reveals intactness of reflex arc at specific spinal levels and normal override on reflex of higher cortical levels.
What is the technique for getting a good reflex measurement?
Limb should be relaxed and muscle partially stretched. Stimulate reflex by directing short, snappy blow of reflex hammer onto muscle’s insertion tendon. Compare right and left sides: responses should be equal.
What grade of reflex? No response.
0
What grade of reflex? Average, normal.
2
What grade of reflex? Diminished, low normal, or occurs with reinforcement.
1
What grade of reflex? Very brisk. Hyperactive with clonus. Indicative of disease.
4
What grade of reflex? Brisker than average. may indicate disease.
3
What would cause hyperactive reflexes?
CNS lesions along the descending corticospinal tract. Associated with upper motor neuron findings of weakness, spasticity, or a positive Babinski sign.
What would cause hypoactive or absent reflexes?
Diseases of spinal nerve roots, spinal nerves, plexuses, or peripheral nerves. Associated with lower motor unit disease findings of weakness, atrophy, and fasciculations.
Which spinal section is associated with bicep reflex?
C5-C6
Which spinal section is associated with tricep reflex?
C7-C8
Which spinal section is associated with brachioradialis reflex?
C5-C6
Which spinal section is associated with patellar reflex?
L2-L4
Which spinal section is associated with achilles reflex?
L5-S2
When do you test for clonus?
When reflexes are hyperactive.
