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731: Pediatrics > Reflexes > Flashcards

Reflexes Flashcards

1
Q

What can be defined as an involuntary motor response to a sensory stimulus?

A

reflex

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2
Q

Where do reflexes originate?

A

in the brain stem

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3
Q

What are 2 lifespan reflexes?

A
  • Knee-jerk reflex

- Flexor withdrawal reflex

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4
Q

Why is it important to ask about birth history?

A

Because many reflexes are progressively integrated following a natural birth, but this process may not occur when the progress down the birth canal is missing or modified

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5
Q

What are the rooting and sucking reflexes essential for?

A

nutrition

  • rooting=turning head toward brush on cheek
  • sucking=suck when something is put in mouth
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6
Q

What are 6 primitive reflexes?

A
  • Moro
  • ATNR
  • Spinal Galant
  • TLR
  • Landau
  • STNR
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7
Q

Moro Reflex

Onset: _____
Integration: ____

A

birth

4 months

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8
Q

How does the Moro reflex help development?

A
  • Involuntary reaction to threat
  • Fight or flight
  • Startle
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9
Q

What are a few functional implications if the Moro reflex is not integrated properly?

A
  • motion sickness
  • poor balance/coordination
  • delayed equilibrium & righting responses
  • auditory hypersensitivity
  • poor auditory discrimination
  • difficulty with transitions
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10
Q

What are a few global manifestations if the Moro reflex is not integrated properly?

A
  • dislike change or surprise
  • allergies
  • lowered immunity
  • ear infection
  • parents walk on eggshells to keep the world right for their kids
  • need to control
  • poor stamina
  • low self-esteem
  • difficulty making decisions
  • “glued” to mom or teacher
  • sedentary
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11
Q

ATNR

Onset: _____
Integration: ____

A

Birth

6 months

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12
Q

How does the ATNR help development?

A
  • Helps develop muscle tone
  • Provides vestibular stimulation
  • Develops balance
  • Decreases chances of breech birth
  • Initiates eye hand activities
  • Helps initiate rolling
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13
Q

What are a few implications if the ATNR is not integrated properly?

A
  • Delayed eye-hand skills
  • Poor midline development
  • Difficulty crossing midline with hands and eyes
  • Difficulty with auditory processing
  • Poor organization
  • When reaching, one arm extends, other retracts
  • One leg left behind during crawling
  • Turning body while drawing/writing
  • Not spontaneously using non-dominant hand to assist
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14
Q

Spinal Galant

Onset: _____
Integration: ____

A

32 weeks gestation

3 months

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15
Q

How does the spinal galant help development?

A

It is thought to take an active part in birthing process by stimulating lumbar region causing rotational movement of hips

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16
Q

What are a few implications if the spinal gallant reflex is underdeveloped?

A
  • Contributes to hyper-tonicity
  • Strong ATNR and STNR
  • Impeded cross patterns for crawling and creeping
17
Q

What are a few implications if the spinal gallant reflex is retained?

A
  • Fidgeting
  • Bed Wetting
  • Poor concentration and short term memory
  • Hip rotation to one side when walking
  • Child may only wear sweatpants (worn low) to avoid stimulation of lumbar region
18
Q

Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex (TLR)

Onset: _____
Integration: ____

A

in utero

36 months

19
Q

How does the TLR help development?

A

Helps develop a response to gravity

20
Q

What are a few implications if the flexor TLR is not integrated properly?

A
  • Slouched posture
  • Low muscle tone
  • Dislike of physical activity
  • Stuck in flexion
21
Q

What are a few implications if the extensor TLR is not integrated properly?

A
  • Toe walking
  • High muscle tone
  • Dislike of physical activity
  • Stuck in extension
  • Poor organizational skills
  • Motion sickness
22
Q

Landau Reflex

Onset: _____
Integration: ____

A

4 months

12 months

23
Q

How does the Landau reflex help development?

A
  • Assists with posture development, sitting and walking

- Helps inhibit TLR

24
Q

What are a few implications if the Landau reflex is not integrated properly?

A
  • Poor muscle tone causing chronic back and neck pain
  • Tension and hyperextension of the legs accompanied by stiffness of the lower body
  • Affects development of balance
  • Ability to flex leg muscles correctly
  • Vertical eye tracking
  • A limitation of the field of vision
  • Poor at sports
  • Stiff awkward movements in lower half of body
  • Difficulty in hopping, jumping
25
Q

What is the biggest difference between the TLR and Landau reflex?

A

TLR more about tone

Landau more about

26
Q

STNR

Onset: _____
Integration: ____

A

6 months

11 months

27
Q

How does the STNR help development?

A

Allows child to defy gravity and assume quadruped

28
Q

The STNR is thought to be integrated when a baby is able to do what?

A

Crawl and rock back and forth on hands and knees

29
Q

What are a few implications if the STNR is not integrated properly?

A
  • “W” sitting (this position inhibits STNR)
  • Poor posture
  • Hands in pocket
  • Bunny hop instead of crawl
  • Difficulty sitting still
  • Falls out of chair
  • Clumsy
  • Poor balance
  • Not into sports because can’t rely on body
  • Behavior problems
  • Poor eye hand coordination
  • Difficulty copying
  • Difficulty sitting for fine motor activities

731: Pediatrics (19 decks)

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