Reflexes

Question 1

ATNR (Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex)

Answer 1

20wks gestation -> 4-5 mo
Turning of head -> facial arm extends and abducts, occipital arm flexes and abducts

Question 2

rooting

Answer 2

28wks gestation -> 3 months
Touch to perioral area of hungry infant -> turns head and lips toward stimulus

Question 3

suck-swallow

Answer 3

28-34 wks gestation -> 5 months
Touch to lips and inside mouth for suckling and liquid for swallowing -> rhythmic excursion of jaw; tongue rides up and down with jaw; then swallow

Question 4

palmar grasp

Answer 4

28 wks gestation -> 4-7 months
pressure on palm of hand -> flexion of fingers

Question 5

Plantar grasp

Answer 5

28 wks gestation -> 9 months
Supported standing on feet to sole of the foot just distal to metatarsal heads -> flexion of toes

Question 6

flexor withdrawal

Answer 6

28 wks gestation -> 1-2 months
noxious stimulus to sole of foot -> flexion withdrawal of leg

Question 7

crossed extension

Answer 7

28 wks gestation -> 1-2 months, inconsistent
noxious stimulus to sole of foot -> flexion of stimulated leg and then extension of opposite leg with adduction

Question 8

galant (trunk incurvation)

Answer 8

28 wks gestation -> 3 months, inconsistent
In prone, stoke paravertebral skin -> lateral curvature of trunk on stimulated side

Question 9

moro

Answer 9

28 wks gestation -> 3-5 mo
head drop backward -> abduction and extension of arms, splaying of fingers, maybe followed by arm flexion and adduction

Question 10

positive support

Answer 10

35 wks gestation -> 1-2 mo, inconsistent
Balls of feet in contact with firm surface -> legs extend to support weight

Question 11

automatic walking/reflex stepping

Answer 11

37 wks gestation -> 3-4 mo
Hold upright with feet on support -> high stepping movements with regular rhythm